新聞自由與國家安全之關係

The Relationship between the Freedom of Press and National Defense Information Management

溫文和

《國防雜誌》 26卷1期 (2011/02) Pp. 30-43

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.2011.26(1).3

摘要

近年來國內部分媒體相繼因報導涉及危害國家安全而遭司法單位調查，引發新聞自由與國家安全的討論。新聞界對此固然強烈抨擊，認為新聞自由不容侵犯，輿論亦普遍認為對於新聞自由與國家安全的範疇有必要做更明確的界定，以便政府及媒體有所依循，避免再度發生類似爭議。然而，究係國家安全與利益重於「人民知的權利」或政府一切執政的目的係為保障憲法所賦予人民的基本權，迄無定論；但可以確定的是「資訊公開」已成為世界先進國家必然的趨勢。因此如何要考慮公開後對國家安全形成危害的可能性，另一方面又要顧慮到人民知的權利，在資訊公開與保密安全二者之間如何取得利益衡量，是非常重要的。

關鍵字

國家安全 ； 新聞自由 ； 資訊公開

並列摘要

In recent years, a number of domestic media were investigated by the judicial units because of published stories that might compromise national security. The journalistic circles responded by issuing strong condemnations and accused the authorities of violating of the freedom of press. This sentiment was mirrored in the general public's opinion, which also favors a more clearly defined boundary when it comes to the increasingly sensitive issue between freedom of press and national security. A clear definition also helps both government and the media to avoid future confrontation and controversies.Nevertheless, whether in the interest of national security and national interest, confidentiality in government affairs should be maintained, or that the priority of the government should be to protect the basic right of the people as stipulated in the constitution is still debatable. However, what can be certain is that the advanced nations of the world are moving irreversibly in the direction of more openness, therefore it is imperative to find a balance between freedom of information and confidentiality. Hence, it is important to consider the people's right to know without understanding our national security.

並列關鍵字

National security ； freedom of press ； the information in public