無人飛行載具合成孔徑雷達運用探討

The Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar

潘宜輝(Yi-Hue Pan) ； 張德仁(De-Ren Chang)

《國防雜誌》 27卷1期 (2012/01) Pp. 89-104

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.2012.27(1).7

摘要

合成孔徑雷達（Synthetic Aperture Radar，SAR）是20世紀最先進的科技發明之一。SAR有機載與衛載系統之分，能提供地表地形、乃至行星等遠距離目標區高解析度圖像。目前無人飛行載具掛載合成孔徑雷達在監視和偵察任務需求上持續成長，並可蒐集戰術和戰略情資。具體來說，無人飛行載具合成孔徑雷達已經取代了部份的光學與紅外線感測器，因為它提供了許多獨特的，有價值的功能，例如遠距離、全天時與全天候成像、地面移動目標指示與聚焦成像等。無人飛行載具合成孔徑雷達系統有低成本、體積小、低風險，並能配合需求多次重返觀測，已成為各國軍事與民生上不可或缺的遙（航）測工具。本文介紹全球無人飛行載具合成孔徑雷達之發展，說明其性能優缺點、效益及限制，另使用SWOT分析發展無人飛行載具合成孔徑雷達之優勢、劣勢、機會與威脅，並提供建軍遠程及近程策進作為之建議。

關鍵字

合成孔徑雷達 ； 無人飛行載具 ； 無人飛行系統 ； 無人飛行載具合成孔徑雷達

並列摘要

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is one of the most advanced technological inventions of the twentieth century. SAR refers to the airborne or satellite-borne radar system that provides high-resolution maps of remote targets on a terrain, a planet, and so forth.There is an increasing demand for multi-mode surveillance and reconnaissance missions employing UAV with SAR to gather tactical and strategic intelligence data. Specifically the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAV SAR) sensor has replaced some of the UAV EO/IR sensors as the primary sensor as it offers many unique and valuable capabilities such a long range imaging, day-and-night/all-weather capability, Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI), spotlight mapping, etc. UAV SAR system has low cost, small size, low risk, and suitable for multiple revisit. It has become a necessary tool of military sensor and people's livelihood as well.This paper introduces the development of global UAV SAR, advantages and disadvantages of performance, effectiveness and limit. A SWOT analysis of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats is provided and long/short term strategy of UAV SAR developments are proposed.

並列關鍵字

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ； Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) ； Unmanned Aerial System(UAS) ； Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR)