我國島嶼作戰之探討：以南沙太平島為例

A Study of Off-Shore Island Military Operations on Spratly Islands in the South China Sea

張秀智(Hsiu-Chih Chang) ； 蔡志銓(Chih-Chuan Tsai)

《國防雜誌》 29卷3期 (2014/05) Pp. 89-118

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.2014.29(3).5

摘要

南海位居太平洋與印度洋間的戰略要衝，也是各國石油運輸的重要交通線，由於各國對南海島礁控制權的爭奪日趨白熱化，衝突的風險也明顯升高。尤其近年來，中國大陸與越南積極戰略部署重兵威脅太平島。各國南海島礁爭奪均以維護國家領土主權與海洋利益為主要目的。因此，南海局勢未來演變，不僅直接影響我國國家安全，也牽動亞太地區和平與穩定。分析中外島嶼爭奪戰役，島嶼除在面積、距離與工事強度上有所區別外，在攻防戰中也具有不同的特點。海軍具有兵力投射與海上交通維護能力，將是執行外島應援與規復行動中最主要的關鍵軍種。由於科技的進步，影響海軍實施兩棲登陸作戰的難度，我國海軍面臨嚴重的威脅和挑戰。未來除專注於水上作戰外，應結合陸戰隊發展三棲作戰能力，戮力部隊轉型，爭取海軍長遠建軍發展，建立一支能實施全方位「低強度衝突」的專業部隊。

關鍵字

島嶼攻防 ； 國家安全 ； 制海權 ； 海上交通線 ； 南海爭議

並列摘要

South China Sea is located between the Pacific and the Indian Ocean as strategic hub and an important transit for oil transportation as well. Due to the rising struggle of sovereignty claimed, the possibility of conflict among the nations is getting higher. In recent years, China and Vietnam all put massive efforts to deploy and construct the obsessed islands surrounding the Spratly Islands. It will threaten not only the security of the R.O.C. nation but affect the peace and stability of the Asia-Pacific region. Upon the analysis of previous battle on islands, the characteristics of the islands are differ from size, distance and the strength of fortifications in terms of offense and defense. Sea control will be a key factor in terms of off-shore island reinforcement operations and recovery operations. Due to advanced in technology, the implementation of the Navy's amphibious landing operations is getting more difficult than before. The Chinese Navy is therefore facing serious threats and challenges. In addition to focusing on surface warfare, the Chinese Navy should emphasize on long-term plan to rebuilt fleet in accordance with the development of the Marine Corps amphibious warfare in order to establish a all-around professional arm forces in the low intensity conflict.

並列關鍵字

Islands Offensive ； National Security ； Command of the Sea ； Sea Lines of Communication ； South China Sea Dispute