我國機器人產業軍事運用之研究

A Study on the Taiwan's Robotic Industry in Military Application

潘政熙(Cheng-Hsi Pan) ； 張家瑍(Chia-Huan Chang)

《國防雜誌》 35卷3期 (2020/09) Pp. 61-82

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.202009_35(3).0003

摘要

機器人為近年許多國家積極投入研究之新興產業，部分先進國家更是致力於軍事用途發展，企圖藉以提升其國防力量。因此，這類技術發展極可能成為另一場改變國防競爭型態的軍事事務革新。近年，國軍歷經裁軍政策及兵役制度變革，衍生兵源不足、士兵招募不易等潛存問題，部分先進國家以機器人來協助任務或取代人力，既符合國防工業發展走向高科技化，又能結合民間產業並解決社會問題，未來是我國可以參考的方向。綜觀目前科技發展趨勢，其實不難發現，利用機器人的戰爭，不再是遙遠的未來，而是正在發生的事。檢視戰鬥人員的生命成本及各種任務的威脅性，就不難瞭解為何機器人在各國擴大使用將是一種邏輯的必然，當小而精、小而強、小而巧的少量部隊要完美執行任務，則更需要轉用昂貴人力於其它的優先工作，而運用自動化系統去從事例行事務則可發揮更好的效果。本研究從產品面蒐集歐美與其他國家的發展現況，針對機器人產業進行觀察與分析，並進一步彙整歸納出發展的整體趨勢，分析我國機器人產業之優勢、劣勢，嘗試在新一波軍事革新下，期為建軍備戰提供另一條道路。

關鍵字

兵役制度變革 ； 軍事事務革新 ； 機器人產業 ； 軍用機器人

並列摘要

Today, due to the military policy adjustment, some advanced countries tried to solve the shortage of manpower by building iron armed forces ＂Robot.＂ It can not only solve the problem but also integrate the development of national defense industries and private industries to the robotics field. Robotics is a rapidly growing field; it is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering and science. These technologies are used to develop machines that can substitute for humans and replicate human actions. Robots can be used in many situations and for lots of purposes in the military, most of them are used in dangerous environments (like bomb detection and deactivation), or where humans cannot survive (e.g., in space, underwater, in high heat, and clean up and containment of hazardous materials and radiation). This essay is trying to analyze the development of robotic industries in the advanced countries, especially in the field regarding military usage. And then look back to our country's robotic industries development to see if we could give the MND a proper package of advice to integrate the capabilities of national defense industries and private industries for the RMA (Revolution of Military Affairs) to enhance the capabilities of armed forces to the next generation.

並列關鍵字

Military Service System Reform ； Revolution in Military Affairs ； Robotic Industry ； Military Robot