從宗教和教育的互動論美、英、荷的政教關係

Church-State Relations in the United States, England and the Netherlands-from the Perspective of Interaction of Religion and Education

田博堯(Po-Yao Tien)

《白沙人文社會學報》 2期 (2003/10) Pp. 115-139

https://doi.org/10.6766/JPHSS.200310.0115

摘要

在現代社會裡，宗教多元主義的持續增加，引發了宗教團體之間的緊張，並挑戰了各國既有的政教模式。此外，福利國家的成長，也導致政府的角色擴大到包括宗教生活在內的幾乎所有社會層面，而且威脅要破壞過報宗教和政治制度之間的關係。本文旨在透過宗教的教育的互動，來比較美國、英國、荷蘭三個西方間的關係。本文旨在透過宗教和教育的互動，來比較美國、英國、荷蘭三個西方民主國家，在追求宗教和國家關係所採行的途徑。這三個國家的政教經驗存在著許多的類似性，使得我們能夠得出一些可以適用到每一個類似國家的一般性結論。民主國家應該能夠彼此互相學羽本文的目標是要提供所有民主國家，當他企圖以一種支持他公民的宗教自由以及宗教在他生活中所扮演的角色的方式，來界定宗教和國家關係的一個指針。比較分析這三個多元嚴主國家是如何解決他們的政教緊張，可以提供我國對於同一問題解決的參考。

關鍵字

宗教和教育-歷史-二十一世紀 ； 宗教和政治-歷史-二十一世紀 ； 民主政治-宗政層面-基督宗教-歷史-二十一世紀 ； 宗教多元主義-基督宗教-歷史-二十一世紀

並列摘要

Increasing levels of religious pluralism in the modern society raise tensions among religious groups and challenge the existed church-state models of the nations. In addition, the growth of the welfare state has led to an expansion of government role in almost all aspects of society, including religious life, and threatens to undermine past relations between religious and political institutions. This article compares the approaches three western democracies- the United States, England and the Netherlands-are pursuing in church-state relations, through the interaction of their religion and education. Sufficient similarities in the church-state experiences of the three countries exist that allow us to get some general conclusions that would apply to each similar country. Democracies should be able to learn from each other. My goal is to give some guidance to all democracies in their attempts to relate church and state to each other in a manner that is supportive of their citizens’ religious freedoms and the role religion plays in them. A comparative analysis of how the three pluralistic democracies solve their church-state tensions might provide a reference on this issue in Chinese politics.

並列關鍵字

religious and political institutions ； religion and education ； democracy ； religious pluralism