國際委外生產行為對國內勞動雇用決策之影響－台灣製造業廠商之實證研究

The Impact of International Outsourcing on Domestic Employment-Evidence from Taiwanese Manufacturing Firms

喬中玨(Chung-Chueh Chiao)

《華岡經濟論叢》 5卷2期 (2006/06) Pp. 1-29

https://doi.org/10.6365/HKER.200606.0001

摘要

在全球化風潮之下，廠商追求利潤極大化、降低成本的營運操作，將部份生產活動委外生產(outsourcing)，此不但影響出口結構調整，對台灣而言，傳統倚重外貿發展帶動國內生產、就業之經濟發展模式更是面臨挑戰。本文以台灣2001與2003年製造業廠商合併揉合資料(pooling data)作為實例，架構一多元邏輯迴歸模型(multinomial logistic regression model)，目的在探討國際委外生(international outsourcing)對國內員工雇用決策的影響。綜觀實證結果顯示，委外生產對國內非生產性勞工(non-production workers)雇用決策有正的影響，但若廠商委外至勞動豐富國進行海外生產操作則顯著不利國內生產性勞工(production workers)的雇用決策，而研發指數對國內勞工雇用有顯著為正的影響。

關鍵字

委外生產 ； 勞動雇用 ； 多元邏輯迴歸

並列摘要

In response to the ongoing process of economic globalization, companies are constantly seeking ways to maximize profits and reduce costs. One of the methods is to outsource the key elements of a company's manufacturing activities. This not only has affected the structure of Taiwan's exports, but also presents a challenge to Taiwan's traditional economic development model which foreign trade provided the stimulus for growth in domestic production and employment in the past. The purpose of this study is to investigate the international outsourcing that affects the decision of domestic employment. In this paper, I used Taiwan-owned manufacturing firms in 2001 and 2003 pooling data as a case study, and a multinomial logistic regression model that was constructed to verify the effects from international outsourcing on the domestic employment. The empirical results show that international outsourcing had a significantly positive effect on Taiwan's non-production workers. While international outsourcing to labor abundant countries had a significantly negative effect on Taiwan's production labor. Additionally, the R&D Index directly had a positive effect on domestic employment.

並列關鍵字

International Outsourcing ； Employment ； Multinomial Logistic Regression

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