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諮商團體領導者於情緒處理段落之介入策略研究

Dealing with Instances of Heightened Emotionality: Intervention Strategies in the Group Counseling

摘要


本研究旨在探討領導者在非結構諮商團體情緒工作段落之介入策略,以兩個問題解決導向、進行十次、由兩位博士班受訓者領導之諮商團體為焦點,採「規範組織與個人探索量表」(NO/PE)與「團體成員人際歷程量表」(IGIPS)等歷程分析系統,進行段落區分與編碼,採百分位數高於85之標準,界定19個「情緒表露」比率較高的段落;並以人際歷程回憶的方式收集領導者自我陳述的意圖和技術等策略運用,加以分析其在前段(二至五次)與後段(六至九次)團體之介入策略。研究結果顯示,在團體/人際層次領導者介入策略包括前段的「平衡團體溝通」、「團體文化建立」、「團體議題與焦點掌握」,與後段之「反映團體歷程」;在人際/個別層次包括前段「連結與人際同盟促進」、「促進覺察與相互接納」、「人際溝通檢視與澄清」,與後段之「回饋運用與促進人際覺察」、「人際溝通技巧學習」;在個別層次則包括前段的「促進成員自我分享」、「支持與同理」、「促進自我覺察」、「深化與促進接納情緒」、「個人目標之連結與推進」,以及後段之「促進當下覺察與自我表達」。研究針對團體歷程、研究限制與未來發展等進行綜合探討,並提出與實務與教學相關之建議。

並列摘要


The purpose of this study was to explore the group leader's intervention strategies in the instances where members expressed their affective experiences/emotions/feelings during the group process. Two ten-session unstructured counseling groups each leaded by two doctoral level trainees were included. Four measures were used in the present study: Normative-Organizational/Personal Exploration Scale (NO/PE), Individual Group Member's Interpersonal Process Scale (IGIPS), Group Counselors' Intentions Index, and Group Counselors' Techniques Index. The first two instruments were measured members' attendance behaviors and the last two investigated leaders' intervention strategies. From the group process transcripts, 19 instances of affective expression, were identified and used in the subsequent analysis. The results indicated that leaders intervened with strategies of ”Communication balancing,” ”Culture building,” and ”Issues and focus holding” in the early period of a group process, and ”Group process reflecting” in the late sessions. Furthermore in the interpersonal and individual dimension, leaders would use ”Linking and interpersonal alliance facilitating,” ”Awareness and acceptance facilitating,” and ”Communication checking and clarifying” in the early group sessions, and both ”Feedback and interpersonal awareness facilitating” and ”Communication skills learning” in the late sessions. Finally, in the individual dimension of a group process, strategies of ”Personal share enhancing,” ”Support and empathy,” ”Self awareness enhancing,” ”Depth and self acceptance facilitating,” and ”Personal goals linking” appeared in the early sessions, and ”Immediate self expression enhancing” in the late sessions. Applications for practice, instruction, supervision, and recommendations for further research were proposed and discussed.

參考文獻


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