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  • 期刊

針對地方自治“內部法律關係”與“外部法律關係”監督措施的行政訴訟

Legal Protection against the Supervision of Local in "Interior Legal Relation" and "External Legal Relation"

摘要


地方自治的行政監督,包括法律監督與專業監督。法律監督在於控制地方自治團體行為的合法性;專業監督則包括了合法性與合目的性之監督。其監督措施也因此被歸納成分別作用在行政外部法與內部法關係的行為。對此措施的權利救濟可能即循著如下的邏輯發展:「行政處分→公法、外部(法)關係、高權、目的性→『權利』侵害→有法律救濟可能(撒銷訴訟)→「指令或職務命令→內部關係→『非權利』(或『無權利』)侵害→無法律救濟可能」。此種思維完全忽略行政程序法中有關行政處分的實體定義。行政程序法第92條第1項所定行政處分係指「行政機關就公法上具體事件所為之決定或其他公權力措施而對外直接發生法律效果之單方行政行為」。監督措施是否為一行政處分並不能左右權利救濟的可能。單純有權利侵害也不能直接認定行政處分成立,而應是監督措施是否「意欲」直接對外發生法生法律效果而定。

並列摘要


The supervision over local autonomy has view differentiated by legal supervision and specialized supervision. The legal supervision leads control of the legitimacy moderateness, under specialized supervision is not only control of the legitimacy moderateness, but also control of the purpose moderateness to be stood. Control of the purpose moderateness falls under interior legal relation. The legal protection thought comes therefore in the following way afterwards: Administrative Adjudication → External legal relation → Right breaking → Legal protection possibility?; Rule → Interior legal relation → without Right breaking → Impossibility of the legal protection. Against the measure of the supervision of local the municipalities before the Administrative Court can complain, although not to be arranged to the administration adjudication. On the other hand is a administration adjudication presents only if the sovereign measure of the supervision on direct right effect outward, but not depends on right breaking.

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