以藝術活動介入日常生活困擾青少年之表現歷程探討

職能治療師運用「有目的的活動」作為治療媒介，對於協助青少年建立及維持個人安適感，在達到個人的目標及準備進入未來成人角色所需的關條上，扮演著一個非常重要的角色。本研究對象為某五專經學輪中心或導師轉介之具生活困擾之一至三年級學生，且於研究者所帶領之「圑體前活動」中主動表達存有日常生活困擾且具有改變動機之24位學生，邀請參與一為期八次、每過兩次、每次三小時的「藝術活動團體」，目的在於了解日常生活困擾青少年於藝術活動中之表現歷程。資料的分析除檢視學生於活動中對創作作品及活動歷程的分享與回饋外，並於團體結束後，採質性方式，由研究者與學生進行一對一的半結構性訪談，錄音訪談內容經轉錄謄寫後，再以內容分析法進行歸納分析。結果顯示(1)學生面對的日常生活困擾，前三項分別為人際互動、表達、以及家庭方面、(2)學生的圖像及色彩隱喻相當堂富、(3)學生認同藝術媒材可以是一種表達自我的工具、藝術創作能提供自我探索及覺察的管道，並可嘗試解決問題、創作過程及適當的媒材可以達到情結的宣洩、以及(4)藝術活動提供一種依靠，會列為未來生活調適之參考方式。因此，在協助青少年面對其生活困擾時，藝術活動可以是一個介入時的選擇，以協助他們得以因應所面臨到的艱辛考驗並確保身心健康。

關鍵字

職能活動；日常生活困擾；隱喻

並列摘要

The ＜||＞purposeful activities＜||＞, which the occupational therapists adopt as the therapeutic medium, play a significant role in helping the teenagers build & maintain their personal comfort, achieve their own goals, and prepare themselves for the adult roles of the future. The research subjects are the students between the first and the third years in a certain five-year junior college 24 of those students aware of the trouble from daily life and of the motive to change that are selected in a preparatory activity before the arts activity group. That group, which takes place twice a week (eight times in total for that group) and lasts for three hours each time, aims to explore the process of how the teenagers troubled by daily life perform in the arts activities Besides examining the feelings exchanged and the feedbacks received from the students about the arts works and during the activity processes, the data analysis adopts a qualitative approach by means of semi-structure interviews with the students one by one after the activity group is over. Those interviews are recorded and transcribed before being analyzed and concluded by means of the content analysis. The findings are: (1) The top three sources of daily life trouble to the students are interpersonal interaction, self-expression, and family affairs. (2) The students' drawings and colors are quite abundant in metaphors. (3) The students agree that arts can serve as a medium of self expression and arts composition can be a way for the self exploration and self awareness. The subjects also agree that the appropriate medium for the composition can be good attempts for the emotional catharsis and the solution to the problems. (4) Arts activities are good choices for adjusting life in the future. Therefore, arts activities act as ideal choice in helping teenagers confront the tough challenges from the troubling life and in making sure that they are mentally and physically in good shape.