同源異形漢字考五則：從舌根音唇化談起

COGNATES IN CHINESE CHARACTERS: A PERSPECTIVE FROM LABIALIZATION OF VELARS

許慧娟(Hui-chuan Hsu)

《Taiwan Journal of Linguistics》 20卷1期 (2022/01) Pp. 29-113

https://doi.org/10.6519/TJL.202201_20(1).0002

摘要

語文工作者不察歷時演變，或同音取代，積非成是；或另造新字，導致疊加。本文利用方言對比、諧聲及舌根音唇化的規律審視「扒_(～飯)」、「崴����_(～到腳)」、「囥_放」、「髀」和「����柺蟆」，主張其同源異形的本字依序是「划」、「踒」、「放」、「股」及「蛙」，一個理論意義是古漢語應有y介音。

關鍵字

異形詞 ； 諧聲 ； 舌根音唇化

並列摘要

This paper appeals to dialect comparison, Xiesheng and the phonological rule of labialization of velars to explain some cognates in Chinese characters. It is concluded that '扒_(~飯)', '崴����_(~到腳)', '囥_放', '髀' and '����柺蟆' make either respective homophone substitutes or individual coinages for '划', '踒', '放', '股' and '蛙'. A theoretical implication lies in the possible existence of the medial y in Old Chinese. Abruptly changing current usage habit of Chinese characters is impractical. Instead of only negatively digging into the root of character problems, language workers shall positively identify polyphones in order to reduce the learning load of synonyms and to timely curb the development tendency of excessive semantic diversity for certain characters.

並列關鍵字

cognate ； Xiesheng ； labialization of velars

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