國小校園綠化空間對都市綠地供給之意義－環境教育的基礎

The Meaning of Primary Schools to Green Land Supply in the Concentrated Urban Area: Underneath Environmental Education

張珩(Heng Zhang) ； 葉育廷(Ue-Ting Ye)

《環境教育研究》 8卷1期 (2010/10) Pp. 95-121

https://doi.org/10.6555/JEER.8.1.095

摘要

校園綠地是師生重要的活動場所，亦賦有極大的環境教育價值，對於都市生態亦有不可抹滅的貢獻。台灣都市的生態資源非常有限，因此綠化比大數量又多的國小空間便成為都市中最佳的綠地補償。本研究即以都市生態的角度出發，探討國小綠化空間除基本的環境教育功能以外，對於都市綠地系統所具有的意義。據本研究得知，小學校園實際綠地提供量估計佔整個都市綠地之18.02%，已是都市綠地系統中的重要元素。然而法規體系並未積極地以較低的建蔽率保障校園的生態品質，目前的建蔽率高達50%。本研究結果得知，當小學校地的建蔽率超過29.48%時，校園綠地的實質供給量便已無法達到法規的最低要求。而若在校地上建築50%的校舍時，其實際之綠地面積供給只能達到10.11%。因此，在目前高法定建蔽率的鼓勵下，國小校園的綠地供給量將會大幅降低，除減損其環境教育的價值外，亦將喪失對都市集居區域的生態意義，對於都市生態系統會是莫大的損失。

關鍵字

環境教育 ； 都市生態 ； 綠地供給 ； 校園規劃 ； 建蔽率

並列摘要

Green space on an elementary school campus is not only an essential place for school-based and afterschool activities. It also possesses a significant value for environmental education. Furthermore, its meaning to the urban environment should not be ignored. Overdevelopment in the urban regions of Taiwan leads to a worrisome problem in the urban ecosystem. Even though new construction in urban areas includes more green space, it still is limited. Primary schools in the cities possessing a large percentage of green spaces are apposite to heal and stabilize the vulnerable urban ecosystem. Under this circumstance, the aim of this study is to explore the meaning of the primary school campus in terms of urban ecology and the urban green land system. According to this study, the green space on primary school grounds provides 18.02% of the whole green space in the city making it an imperative element of the urban ecosystem. Unfortunately, primary schools are not included in the formal green space system and development within school may expand without regard to this resource. It is impossible for a school to attain a legitimate percentage of green space when the building coverage ratio exceeds 29.48%. Actually the green space can only reach 10.11% if 50%, i.e. the normative building coverage ratio, of the land is in buildings. The primary schools will thus lose the considerable role of urban green system in the densely populated area along with the value of environmental education.

並列關鍵字

environmental education ； urban ecology ； green space supply ； campus planning ； building coverage ratio

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