實務工作者對於兒虐施虐者親職教育輔導課程需求評估之探討－以兒童福利聯盟高雄中心87-91年所承辦強制親職教育工作為例

本研究以承辦高雄市強制性親職教育業務之兒童福利聯盟為研究場域，試圖從實務工作者與兒童身體虐待施虐者的互動經驗中，深入探討兒童身體虐待施虐者在親職教育輔導課程上的需求，藉以作為實施強制性親職教育輔導課程及訓練相關輔導專業人員之參考。本研究以兒童福利聯盟自民國八十七年七月至民國九十一年止，38位已完成強制性親職教育輔導之兒童身體虐待施虐者的檔案資料為研究分析對象，此外，亦邀請兒福聯盟2位負責強制性親職教育輔導業務之社工，以及3位具輔導兒童身體虐待施虐者經驗且目前持續接案中的諮商輔導人員為研究訪談對象，以內容分析法與焦點團體進行資料的收集與分析。研究發現如下：(1)對兒童身體虐待施虐者的輔導需求評估，社工人員較強調施虐者的親職教養能力，而諮商輔導人員則較重視施虐者的自我探索與成長。不同實務工作者皆認為兒童身體虐待施虐者輔導需求具個別性與多元性，難以概括性地歸於某些一般性的課程。(2)實務工作者在評估施虐者輔導需求的過程中聯繫不足，彼此對同一施虐者的輔導需求評估常呈現不一致的現象，導致對施虐者的整體評估缺乏客觀性與全面性。(3)實務工作者缺乏因應「非自願性案主」之相關知能，與施虐者不易建立合作關係。(4)在推動親職教育輔導的過程中，公權力與輔導諮商未能發揮相輔相成的效果。根據上述研究發現，研究者提出三項建議：(1)組織個案評估委員會，依個別需求擬定個別化輔導計畫。(2)增進實務工作者因應「非自願性案主」的相關知能。(3)建立跨專業網絡之工作模式，使公權力與輔導諮商得以發揮相輔相成的效果。

關鍵字

兒童身體虐待；施虐者；親職教育輔導；需求評估

並列摘要

Focusing on the implementation of mandated parenting education and guidance in Kaohsuing Child Welfare league foundation, the purpose of this study was to assess what treatments were necessary for child physical abusers, to offer some suggestions for implementing mandated parenting education and for counseling training. The subjects were 38 child physical abusers from Kaohsuing Child Welfare league foundation from 1998 to 2002., and they had finished mandated parenting education and guidance. Two social workers and three counselors from Kaohsuing Child Welfare league foundation were also interviewed. Content analysis and focus group were used to collect and analyze data. The findings were as follows: (1) In assessing the treatments of child physical abusers, social workers emphasized the abusers' abilities of parenting, while counselors highlighted self-exploration and personal growth. Different practitioners all approved the treatments of child physical abusers were with individuality and multiplicity, and it was difficult to implement the same general program for all child physical abusers. (2) The assessments of treatments among practitioners were inconsistent and the poor communication between practitioners would result in lacking of objectivity and integration during assessing. (3) Necessary knowledge and counseling skills for working with involuntary clients were insufficient for practitioners. (4) It couldn't complement each other between the power of mandate and counselling in the process of implementing mandated parenting education. Three suggestions were offered according to the findings : (1) To organize the committee of assessing treatments for abusers and draw up the individual counseling plan according to each abuser's requirements, (2) To enhance the capability of practitioners to work with the involuntary clients, and (3) To establish a cross-profession working model.