親子遊戲治療對於院童依附關係之成效分析：視保育員為治療代理人之個案研究

The Effectiveness of Filial Therapy with Children Who Have Been Insecure Attachment: A Case Study on Careworker as Therapeutic Agents

張高賓(Kao-Pin Chang)

《諮商輔導學報：高師輔導所刊》 23期 (2011/06) Pp. 19-52

https://doi.org/10.6308/JCG.23.02

摘要

本研究乃透過親子遊戲治療，訓練育幼院保育員成為治療代理人，修復院童因家 庭因素所導致的不安全依附關係。保育員為27歲女性，院童為6歲男生。訓練方案是 Landreth's的親子遊戲治療。研究方法乃透過單一受試研究法倒返設計（A-B-A），共進行26週，以視覺分析及統計分析作為資料分析方式。並由統計分析了解其所呈現的改變機轉為何。研究結果發現經過親子遊戲治療方案的實施後，受試對象的親子遊戲治療技巧呈 顯著上升趨勢，效果量屬大效果，介入的處理對於增進親子遊戲治療技巧其關連性強，亦即有立即與維持效果。此外針對其依附關係修復程度，研究發現保育員與院童的互動關係呈顯著上升趨勢，效果量屬大效果，介入的處理對於增進互動關係其關連性強，亦即有立即與維持效果。此外研究也發現親子遊戲治療技巧與親子互動皆呈直線關係 並達顯著水準，決定係數（r2）從.431到.848，解釋力（η2）從.791到.989，顯示親子遊戲治療技巧對於解釋依附關係的修復具指標意涵，其中允許孩子主導、遵循孩子的引導、反映式的回應技巧及建立自尊等對親子互動的影響高。

關鍵字

親子遊戲治療 ； 依附關係 ； 改變機轉

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to recover careworker-child relationship and improving they interaction. The female worker age was 27, boy age was six. The Landreth's 10-week filial therapy training model by providing with care-worker the opportunity to be therapeutic agents with children. Single subject research design was used in this study; the data was analyzed in the method of visual analysis and statistical analysis. Their interaction would be observed and recorded for 26 weeks. The major findings were as follows: The intervention had high effect size with the skills of filial therapy, and the immediate and maintain effect were provided. The relation between worker and children had significant correlation, categorized as large effect size, which means the intervention had high effect size with the worker-child interaction, and the immediate and maintain effect were provided. Filial therapy skills had significant linear correlation for attachment relationship, coefficient of determination (r2) from .431 to 848, explanatory power (η2) from .791 to 989. The allowed child to lead, followed child's lead, reflective responding skills, self-esteem-building/use of encouragement could be the predictors of attachment relation.

並列關鍵字

filial therapy ； attachment relationship ； change mechanism

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