90年代：顛覆“母親神話”的大陸女性小說

Subversion 1990~1999-The Mainland China Female Novels-"the Mystery of Mother"

陳碧月(Pi-Yueh Chen)

《實踐博雅學報》 7期 (2007/01) Pp. 1-21

https://doi.org/10.7041/SCJLA.200701.0001

摘要

「母親」常被定義為是正面的社會角色，而「母職」則長久以來被視為是女性的天職。但是，在多元社會文化的影響下，中國家庭系統原本所建構的秩序與穩定特質，受到非常大的挑戰。隨著社會的變遷，現代化思維早已深植人心，而母職角色也同樣在一連串的變化中，進行著微妙的轉變，那是一種迷惑與脆弱的轉變。 本文整理出大陸90年代的女作家所創作的小說中呈現母愛的異化的議題，其所要討論的小說篇章包括：池莉〈你是一條河〉、陳染〈無處告別〉和〈另一隻耳朵的敲門聲〉和方方〈落日〉四篇短篇小說，以及虹影《飢餓的女兒》、陳丹燕《上海的金枝玉葉》、王安憶《長恨歌》、林白《一個人的戰爭》、徐坤《女媧》和徐小斌《羽蛇》六部長篇小說。本論文以小說文本所顛覆「母親神話」的主要情節為關注的研究範圍，並呈現其不同於傳統以往的母性特質。 期待透過本文的研究，能夠提供對女性文學及母職文化研究相關參考資料，瞭解大陸90年代的女性小說中關於母職文化的歷史演進過程，以及在過程中如何建構社會中的性別議題及意識，並透顯出女性文學的發展脈絡。

關鍵字

母親 ； 大陸小說 ； 90年代 ； 女性小說

並列摘要

”Mother” is often defined as the positive social character. However, ”the duties of Mother” has been considered as ”female nature.” But, under the influence of all kinds of social cultures, the order and steady in Chinese family systems which have been built originally encounter a lot of challenge. With the changes of the society, modern thoughts have been rooted in people's minds for a long time. Moreover, the role of Mother has also been changing delicately with a series of changes. It's a type of changes which are filled with confusing and fragile.
The issue I present to you is the change of Mothers’ love in the novels of female writers. There are 4 short novels and 6 long novels to be presented. The former are Chyr, li's ”You Are a River” Chen, rean's ”Saying Goodbye Nowhere” & ”The Sound of Knocking on The Door for The Other Ear” and Fang, fang's ”Sunset. ” The latter are Horng, ying's ”The Hungry Daughter” Chen, dan-ian's-”Member of the Royal Family in Shanghai” and Lin, bi's ”One's War” and so on. The research range focuses on the main plots of the subversion of ”Mystery of Mother” Besides, it also shows that the maternity characteristics differs from the traditional one before.
Through the research of the issue, I look forward to providing the relative reference materials of female literature and the culture of maternal duties. We can understand the history evolutionary changes about the culture of maternal duties through female novels in Mainland China during 1990~1999, we can realize how we construct sexual issue and significance and show the development of female literature.

並列關鍵字

Mother ； Mainland China Novels ； Subversion 1990~1999 ； Female Novels

參考文獻

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王鐵仙(2001)。新時期文學二十年。上海:上海教育出版社。

池莉(1999)。細腰。南京:江蘇文藝出版社。

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林丹婭(2003)。當代中國女性文學史論。廈門:廈門大學出版社。