老子「柔弱勝剛強」之義理研究─通識課程「老子導讀」對學子思考的激盪

A Study on Laozi's "Mildness is Stronger than Stiffness": Through "Guided Reading in Laozi's Philosophy" as a General Education Course

王小滕(Hsiao-Teng Wang)

《實踐博雅學報》 18期 (2012/07) Pp. 49-72

https://doi.org/10.7041/SCJLA.201207.0049

摘要

通常大眾都認為「剛強」勝過「柔弱」，但是老子卻指出「柔弱勝剛強」。這是為了什麼？這項與眾不同的論點，是否意謂著：老子的觀察與思考，與大眾並不相同？本文針對此項疑問展開考察，首先探求老子對事理的基本認識，以了解老子觀察、思考的特點，然後說明老子為何指出「柔弱勝剛強」；同時，也一併探討老子所指的「柔」，是否寓有特殊意涵。本文對老子義理之討論，將引入「老子導讀」之通識課程，以幫助莘莘學子了解老子五千言的要旨，也啟發學子汲取老子獨特的觀察與思考方法，達到激盪學子思考與提昇觀察力的教學目標。

關鍵字

老子 ； 無為 ； 道 ； 剛柔 ； 通識

並列摘要

Most of us think that stiffness is stronger than mildness. Laozi, on the contrary, points out that mildness is stronger than stiffness. This study explores whether such standpoint is an indication that Laozi views this world very differently compared to others. To gain a better insight into this question and to understand Laozi's way of thinking, this study first reveals Laozi's point of view about how things operate. The study then attempts to provide an explanation to the reason behind Laozi's ”mildness is stronger than stiffness” and goes on to discuss what Laozi means by ”mildness.” To help students learn the essence of Laozi's Tao Te Ching, Guided Reading in Laozi's Philosophy, a general education course, is incorporated into the discussions of the present study. This also serves as a teaching objective that inspires students by helping them to take one step further to examine Laozi's philosophical thoughts through which students learn to brainstorm and improve their ability to observe.

並列關鍵字

Laozi ； Wuwei ； Dao ； stiffness and mildness ； general education courses

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