迎向網際空間新世界的通識教育

自1936年英國人圖靈（Alan Turin）幻想出了一個「通用機器」（Universal Machine）的概念，電路硬體與軟體即以驚人的速度不斷創新演變，目前這些數以億計的萬能機器再以頻寬充足的網路交互連結，建構了網際生閱（cyberspace）。世界文明因此進入一個新的紀元，在原有的實體空間（physical space）之外，我們已開始在這個嶄新的網際生間從事大量的商務、娛樂、教育、社會、政洽，甚至戰爭活動，網際生詞也將持續改變人類由有的思考模式、生活習慣、社會結構、道德法律、人際關係與價值觀。網際空間帶來許多的好處與便利，但也有其重大的安全隱憂。公民需要具備哪些基本素養來瞭解、認知，以致能順利進入網際空間新世界；大學如何在通識課程有與時俱進前瞻性的設計，來協助學生擁有成為網際空間公民與面對未來的必要知識與勇氣，是每一個現代文明國家重視的課題。網際空間公民的知識與素養、對權利與義務的認知，與對國家與個人安全的意識，均需藉助於大學中所開授的通識教育課程。本文整理許多資料，分析大學通識教育符合國家發展需求的演進、資訊科技的進展、網際空間的成形與特性，和網際安全問題的重要性，探討現代大學在教育同時橫跨實體與網際之「雙元空間」的網路世代時的挑戰，作為網際生問通識教育課程規對方案或相關研究時的參考。

關鍵字

通識教育；網際空間；網際安全

並列摘要

In 1936, English computer scientist Alan Turing proposed the concept of ＂universal machine＂, a decade later, the University of Pennsylvania made a full-functioned digital computer named ENIAC. Today, thanks to the advancement of computer technology, these two components have been greatly improved, combined and became a ＂general-purpose super machine＂. More over, the Internet connects hundreds of millions of these super machines to exchange data and communicate with each other in a fast and effective way, in which big variety of information services are developed, and people’s life are improved tremendously. A new world known as cyberspace has been invented. In addition to the ＂physical space＂ we are living, people are engaged in doing commercial, educational, social, political, or even war activities in cyberspace. This space is constantly changing the way we think, the life style we live, the social relationship we share with others, the way we view legal ethics, and value systems we have adopted. People benefited greatly from the cyberspace, however, the threats of cybersecurity that could cause severe adverse effects to a country or society follows as well. ＂Developing global citizens＂ is the goal of colleges today but what are the literacy and awareness necessary such that the students are able to fit into the cyberspace world? It is an important issue that how does a university to design prospective general education courses in order to help students become good citizens of cyberspace with the essential knowledge. Education is always believed the solution to problems a country could possibly has, and it is also the driving force to push our society to improve. In cyberspace, the citizen’s knowledge, literacy, rights and obligations, the understanding of national and personal security can be taught by the general education in university, including the categories of competence and awareness contents. In this paper, we collect and study plenty of data to analyze the remarks of key roles that general education played during the process of a country's development, the progress of information technology, the forming and the characteristics of cyberspace, the importance of cybersecurity. The issues of problems we are expecting due to the challenges across the ＂dual space＂ is studied in detail, and we conclude this paper by proposing some suggestions for the general education curriculum in cyber-age.