以眼動儀探討注意力缺失／過動疾患傾向大學生之執行功能

An Eyetracking Study on Executive Function in College Students with ADHD Tendency

陳東家(Dung-Jia Chen) ； 林慧麗(Hui-Li Lin)

《輔仁醫學期刊》 11卷2期 (2013/06) Pp. 123-140

摘要

背景和目的：50-75％被診斷注意力缺失／過動疾患（ADHD）患童，其注意力缺損與過動／易衝動症狀會持續至青少年與成人期。研究也指出兒童和成人的ADHD患者在執行功能的缺損亦顯現相似特徵，且不同亞型ADHD患者的神經心理測驗表現亦不同。故本研究探討不同亞型ADHD傾向之大學生的執行功能是否有相異的型態。方法：以北部某私立大學的男、女大學生為本研究樣本，使用ADHD大學生反應評估量表之學生反應量表及成人ADHD自填量表，篩選約800名受試者，依據量表得分篩選出共51位ADHD傾向的大學生，其中，符合ADHD-C 組為26人、ADHD-I組有25人。最後，將受試者分為ADHD-C組、ADHD-I 組及控制組，每組12人，共36位受試者。再請三組受試者進行四種眼動儀作業，分別為視覺引導掃視、轉換、反應抑制及動作計畫，以測量其執行功能表現。研究假設ADHD-C組在後三種作業的表現皆不如另兩組。結果：三組受試者在四種作業表現均無顯著差異，研究結果與假設皆不符合。結論：未來可先測量本國兒童在眼動作業之表現，以驗證O'Driscoll等人的研究結果。若可成功複製其結果，便可進一步驗證成人的眼動表現。

關鍵字

眼動儀 ； 注意力缺失／過動疾患傾向 ； 亞型 ； 執行功能 ； 大學生 ； ADHD大學生反應評估量表之學生反應量表（CARE-SRI量表）

並列摘要

Background and Purpose: 50 to 75% of the individuals who have been diagnosed with ADHD in their childhood still show symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulse in their adolescence and adulthood. Research has revealed that children and adults with ADHD show similar symptoms in executive function deficiency, and that children diagnosed with different ADHD subtypes perform differently on neuropsychological tests. The current research is to investigate if this phenomenon exists in college students with different types of ADHD symptom tendency. Methods: Around 800 students from a private college in northern Taiwan were assessed with the College ADHD Response Evaluation- Student Response Inventory (CARESRI) and adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Thirty-six students were identified, recruited and assigned into ADHD-C (12), ADHD-I (12) and control (12) groups according to their CARESRI and ASRS scores. The participants underwent four eyetracking tasks, visually guided saccades task (control task), task switching, antisaccade task and motor planning task, in order to evaluate their executive function. It was hypothesized that the ADHD-C groups would perform not as well as the other two groups on the later 3 tasks. Results: No statistically significant differences on the four eyetracking tasks were found among the 3 groups. Our hypotheses were not supported. Conclusions: Future study may replicate this study observing children in Taiwan to reconfirm the results found by O'Driscoll et al. The eyetracking tasks will be eligible for assisting classifying the different subtypes of ADHD in adulthood if they are proved to be valid assessments for ADHD subtypes.

並列關鍵字

eyetracking ； ADHD tendency ； subtypes ； executive function ； college students ； CARE-SRI