新生兒耳聲傳射聽障篩檢

Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions-based Auditory Screening in Neonates

劉育滉(Yu-Huang Liu) ； 黃弘孟(Hung-Meng Huang)

《北市醫學雜誌》 3卷9期 (2006/09) Pp. 869-873

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.2006.3.9.05

摘要

目的：本先天性聽力障礙的早期診斷及復健，可使病患日後的語言及認知有較佳的發展，因此，全面性新生兒聽力篩檢乃是必要的策略。本研究的目的，乃在於建立新生兒聽障篩檢流程，了解本院新生兒先天性聽力障礙的發生率並能達成早期治療。方法：自九十二年一月至九十三年十二月間，6582名於本院出生，其中5749名於出生後1至3天內，接受短暫誘發耳聲傳射(TEOAE)檢查；對懷疑有聽力障礙之嬰兒於滿月回診時作第二次的耳聲傳射聽力篩檢，若依舊未過關者，二周內安排聽性腦幹反應檢查，若診斷為聽力異常者，於嬰兒約三個月大時再做一次聽性腦幹反應檢查及行為聽力測驗確認聽障之程度，以為助聽器選配之參考，並安排做聽力復健。結果：5749名新生兒中，17名有聽力障礙，其中，2名兩側重度聽力障礙，4名兩側中度聽力障礙，雙耳聽障佔千分之1.04(6/5749)，單側中度聽力障礙的新生兒有11名，單耳聽障佔千分之1.91(11/5749)。結論：耳聲傳射是一簡單、迅捷的聽力檢查工具，適合運用於全面性的新生兒聽力篩檢，可早期篩檢出患先天性聽力障礙新生兒，而予以早期復健。

關鍵字

聽力障礙 ； 聽力篩檢 ； 耳聲傳射

並列摘要

Backgraund and Purpose: Early diagnosis and rehabilitation of congenital hearing impairment are mandatory to achieve a satisfactory development of cognition and language. A universal hearing screening in order to identify congenital hearing loss of the neonates is required. The aim of the study is to establish a model for screening of newborn hearing and determine the incidence of congenital hearing impairment in our hospital. Methods: From January, 2003 to December 2004, 6582 babies were borned in the hospital. A total of 5749 neonates were screened using transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) after birth. The second TEOAE was arranged 1 month after discharge for newborns suspected with hearing impairment. Those who had not passed the second TEOAE, ABR was arranged within 2 weeks. Infants with abnormal ABR finding were referred for second ABR, behavioral observation audiometry and hearing rehabilitation at 3 months of age. Results: Seventeen newborns were confirmed to have congenital hearing impairment. Among the 17 newborns, 2 newborns suffered from bilateral severe hearing impairment, 4 had bilateral moderate hearing impairment, and 11 had unilateral moderate hearing impairment respectively. Conclusion: TEOAE is a simple and convenient tool for hearing screening, especially in newborn. It becomes possible to detect early the congenital hearing loss and facilitate the hearing rehabilitation in newborn.

並列關鍵字

hearing impairment ； hearing screening ； otoacoustic emission