健康城市之營造與社區健康促進

Development of a Healthy City and Community Based Health Promotion

紀櫻珍(Ying-Chen Chi) ； 吳振龍(Chen-Long Wu)

《北市醫學雜誌》 6卷6期 (2009/12) Pp. 426-435

摘要

健康城市計畫始於1986年，由21個歐洲城市在里斯本召開會議，決議共同發展都市健康，並宣誓健康城市的五大特徵11項功能。全球推動健康城市的目標都在追求一個不斷進步，而且適合居住的生活環境。本文主要目的在闡述健康城市的理論與發展趨勢、健康城市之概念意涵、健康城市評估指標與推行步驟、同時介紹目前推動健康城市的概況；以及闡述社區健康營造之意涵、影響因素、目前推展健康促進社區的概況，剖析世界衛生組織推動健康城市的理論架構，並強調社區健康營造與充能之重要性，以作為臺灣地區推動健康城市之借鏡。近年來世界各國推動健康城市與健康社區營造之風潮值得關注。透過社區健康營造可同時兼顧到個人在「生理」、「心理」及「社會」的健康，達到「健康生活化，生活健康化」的目標。

關鍵字

健康城市 ； 健康促進 ； 充能 ； 健康素養

並列摘要

The Healthy City project was initiated at a meeting of 21 European Cities in Lisbon in 1986. The meeting decided to develop healthy cities worldwide in a mutual manner and declared the ”five characteristics and eleven functions” of a healthy city. The aim of developing a healthy city involves searching for a continuously improving living environment that is also a suitable living environment. The main objective of this article is to describe the theory, the development of the concept trend, the evaluation index and implementation process for a healthy city. At the same time, we will also introduce the current conditions for implementation the development of a health city, the meaning of community health construction, the factors influencing the current community health situation, the theoretical framework of implementation of a health city project outlined by WHO and the importance of community health construction and empowerment. These will be used as references for carrying out healthy city projects in Taiwan. In addition, the global trends in terms of implementation of health city projects and approaches to the construction of appropriate community health structures will be outlined. We hope that the core individual ”physiological, psychological and sociological” health aspects of community health construction in Taiwan will be able to meet the goals of ”health for life and life for health”.

並列關鍵字

healthy city ； health promotion ； empowerment ； health literacy