健康城市：生態大眾健康的新思維

Healthy Cities: The Ecological Public Health Movement

林金定(Jin-Ding Lin) ； 羅慶徽(Ching-Hui Loh) ； 朱明若(Cordia Chu)

《台灣家庭醫學雜誌》 12卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 149-156

https://doi.org/10.7023/TJFM.200212.0149

摘要

世界各國居住在城市的人口急遽上升，城市人口過度集中常造成居住環境的惡化，連帶的引起各種疾病的流行，甚至居民的生命財產遭受到嚴重的威脅，為了解決日益惡化之生活環境帶來的健康問題，場所性的健康促進介入方式在西方社會中被視為是解決上述問題有效的健康政策，「健康城市」的概念即是推動項目之一。健康城市計畫主要的目的的仍在喚醒地方政府與社區團體共同努力促進城市居民健康與解決日益惡化的環境問題，這種計畫已經成為促進城市居民健康的一種有效方式，國際間已經有超過一千個城市採用這種方式來促進居民的健康。台灣地區過去幾年來，對健康城市的理念，基本上已略具雛形，例如台北市政府已公開承諾邁向「健康城市」的目標與計畫方案，「康健雜誌」每年也針對台灣地區每一縣市做「健康城市」評估，但醫療衛生專業領域中，對健康城市之理念與內涵尚待加強；因此本文主要目的在闡術健康城市的理論與發展趨勢，以及剖析世界衛生組織推動健康城市運動的理論架構，最後探討健康城市發展之挑戰，以作為台灣地區推動健康城市之借鏡。

並列摘要

In times of increasing urbanization and industrialization, and of dramatically shifting social and economic patterns, traditional public health services no longer served as adequate to address the complex range of factors which determine people’s health and well-being. The World Organization has developed Healthy City project as a way to achieve “Health for All”. Healthy City projects offer local governments the opportunity to be a key player in the prevention of diseases, and maintenance of health by applying a socio-ecological approach to urban health administrative. Although health authority in Taipei City has promoted the concept of Healthy City, the health care professionals are still unfamiliar with this concept and plan. It is vital to educate and disseminate this concept and movement to health care professionals for the Healthy City project. Therefore, the purposes of the paper are to review the theory and trend of Health City plan, and to examine the challenges in the 21st century. We hope through the clarification of the concepts will do good for the future implementation in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

healtyh cities ； health promotion ； health policy ； public health

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