自閉症類群障礙症兒童之人際行為團體治療之成效

The Efficacy of Interpersonal Behavior Group Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

王怡仁(I-Jen Wang) ； 郭慧珍(Hui-Chen Kuo) ； 楊馥榮(Fu-Rung Yang)

《北市醫學雜誌》 18卷3期 (2021/09) Pp. 313-320

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.202109_18(3).0006

摘要

目的：探討自閉症類群障礙症兒童參加人際行為團體治療的成效。方法：本研究以質性訪談及量化團體評估問卷，了解自閉症類群障礙症兒童參加人際行為團體的改變。質性訪談主要照顧者，觀察自閉症類群障礙症兒童在學校及家庭，與同儕及家人的互動、言語陳述、情緒理解的表現；在量化分析上，以團體評估問卷探討自閉症類群障礙症兒童在語言溝通、情緒理解、人際互動、自信提升的改變。量表採用李克氏五點量表，共23位自閉症類群障礙症兒童參與研究，並且以單因子變異數進行分析。結果：由主要照顧者的觀察得知，自閉症類群障礙症兒童參加三梯次的人際行為團體後，自閉症類群障礙症兒童更能覺察自己情緒，在與他人互動時更能表達自己想法，在人際互動的彈性及自信心上均有提升。另一方面，自閉症類群障礙症兒童之語言溝通平均分數3.20，情緒理解平均數3.10，自信提升平均數為3.09，人際互動平均數為3.04，結果並未顯示在上述四個向度的改變具差異性（F=.48，p＞.05），代表四個向度的進步是同時改變。結論：自閉症類群障礙症兒童參與人際行為團體能提升兒童情緒覺察、語言表達、人際互動彈性及自信心，人際行為團體能有效提升自閉症類群障礙症兒童的人際互動行為。

關鍵字

自閉症類群障礙症 ； 人際行為團體 ； 團體成效 ； 情緒覺察 ； 人際互動

並列摘要

Objectives: The study's purpose was to explore the efficacy of three consecution interpersonal behavior group therapies in children with an autism spectrum disorder. Methods: This study implemented qualitative interviews and quantitative analysis to explore the changes after the interpersonal behavior group therapy. In the qualitative analysis, we interviewed the primary caregivers who observed the performance of children with an autism spectrum disorder in the interaction with peers and family members, speech statements, and emotional understanding. Besides, quantitative analysis was used to explore language communication changes, emotional understanding, interpersonal interaction, and self-confidence improvement based on a 5-point Likert Scale. A total of 23 children with autism spectrum disorder participated in this study. The data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA in SPSS 21.0. Results: The qualitative analysis results showed that children with autism spectrum disorder who participated in three consecution interpersonal behavior groups were more aware of their own emotions, more capable of expressing their thoughts when interacting with others, and enhanced flexibility and self-confidence in interpersonal interaction. The quantitative analysis results showed an average score of 3.20, 3.10, 3.09, 3.04 on language communication, emotional awareness, self-confidence, and interpersonal interaction, respectively; no difference was observed in the four domains (F=.48, p ＞.05). Conclusion: The participation of children with an autism spectrum disorder in interpersonal behavior group therapy could enhance children's emotional awareness, language expression, interpersonal interaction, and self-confidence. The interpersonal behavior group therapy could significantly improve the interpersonal interaction behaviors of children with an autism spectrum disorder.

並列關鍵字

autism spectrum disorder ； interpersonal behavior group therapy ； group therapy effectiveness ； emotional awareness ； interpersonal interaction