臺灣產細本、基隆及光葉野生葡萄莖葉組織解剖特徵之研究

Studies on Anatomic Characters of Stem and Leaf among Vitisthunbergii, V. kelungensis and V.flexuosa in Taiwan

柯金存(Jin-Tswen Ke) ； 胡澤寬(Tzer-Kuan Hu)

《作物、環境與生物資訊》 8卷3期 (2011/09) Pp. 163-171

https://doi.org/10.30061/CEB.201109.0002

摘要

本研究觀察三種野生葡萄葉片維管束橫切面顯示，近軸面有一個近軸維管束，且有與其相對的遠軸維管束；遠軸維管束數目依物種不同而異，細本葡萄有1至3個，基隆葡萄為5至7個，光葉葡萄則為4至5個。葉柄橫切面發現近軸面有一個淺溝，淺溝的兩側皮層內有一成對的皮層維管束，其餘的維管束則排裂成環狀且彼此分離，包含2個近軸維管束，5個遠軸維管束；在一級遠軸維管束之間夾有4個不發達甚至不發育的二級遠軸維管束，此二級遠軸維管束數目，在物種間也有顯著差異，例如細本葡萄有4個、基隆葡萄有6個、光葉葡萄則有6 個。莖部外觀為近圓形或橢圓形且無角狀突起，長邊直徑與髓部的長邊直徑垂直，在皮層內有不連續的皮層纖維束的發育，木質部和韌皮部被射線分隔成束。葡萄屬的韌皮纖維束數目在物種間有明顯差異，細本葡萄有2－3個，基隆葡萄為4－5個，光葉葡萄則為2－4個。髓射線數也因物種不同而異，細本葡萄有17－26個，基隆葡萄為27－41個，光葉葡萄則為19－26個。

關鍵字

野生葡萄 ； 維管束 ； 韌皮纖維束 ； 髓射線數 ； 種間變異

並列摘要

This study aimed to observe the transverse section of the leaf's midrib among three wild-type species of grape and identified the differences of their anatomical characters. The transverse section indicated that the adaxial vascular bundle was located at adaxial surface while the abaxial vascular bundle was located at the other side. The numbers of abaxial vascular bundle were from 1 to 3 in Vitis thunbergii, 5 to 7 in V. kelungenss, and 4 to 5 in V. flexuosa. The transverse section of petioles had one groove on the adxial surface. The couples of cortex vascular bundles distributed along the adaxial surface of groove of petiole, while others distributed superlatively as ring-shape, including 2 adaxial vascular bundles and 5 abaxial vascular bundles. Four undeveloped or unidentified secondary abaxial vascular bundles distributed along primary abaxial vascular bundles. The number of secondary abaxial vascular bundles was 4 in V. thunbergii, 6 in V. kelungenss and 6 in V. flexuosa. The surface of stem was smooth and almost round or oval in shape. Caliber of stem was perpendicular to pith. Cortex contained discontinuous fiber bundles. Xylem and phloem were separated by ray and were bunched up, respectively. The numbers of phloem fiber bundles were from 2 to 3 in V. thunbergii, 4 to 5 in V. kelungensis, and 2 to 4 in V. flexuosa. The numbers of pith ray were from 17 to 26 in V. thunbergii, 27 to 41 in V. kelungensis, and 19 to 26 in V. flexuosa.

並列關鍵字

Wild-type grape ； Vascular bundle ； Phloem fiber bundle ； Pith ray ； Inter-specific variation