高溫對水稻稔實率及稻米品質之影響

2010及2011年以20個臺灣水稻栽培品種做為參試材料，於水稻抽穗期及穀粒充實期，利用溫室設定平均日溫36℃及自然氣溫為對照的條件下，進行高溫對稔實率以及稻米品質影響的研究。結果顯示，不同溫度對於稔實率有顯著差異效應，高溫將造成稔實率的降低。2010年第1與第2期作高溫造成平均稔實率分別減少6.05及7.92%，2011年第1、2期作則分別減少6.07及17.47%。高溫對於不同品種間稔實率的影響，除2011年第1期作之外，其餘均呈顯著差異，但是年度或期作間則無一致的表現。不同品種在不同期作之耐熱表現，2010年沒有顯著差別（P=0.058），2011年則有顯著差異（P=0.001）。2011年自抽穗期以迄收穫為止，對14個臺灣稉稻品種全程予以高溫處理，以探討高溫對稻米品質之影響。2個期作間糙米完整粒對於溫度的反應均呈顯著性差異，高溫將造成糙米完整粒減少，第1期作平均減少13.89%，第2期作減少15.21%。不同品種間之糙米完整粒的差異，第1期作無差異，第2期作則存在顯著差異。

關鍵字

水稻；高溫；稔實率；稻米品質

並列摘要

Twenty rice varieties bred in Taiwan were selected for experiments which conducted in 2010 and 2011. During both heading and grain filling stages, average daytime temperature inside greenhouse was set at 36℃ with greenhouse maintaining ambient temperature as control check (ck) to study high temperature effect on fertility and grain quality of rice. The results revealed that there was significant difference in fertility by high temperature treatment. The average fertility decreased 6.05% and 7.92% by the treatment of high temperature in the first and the second cropping seasons of 2010, respectively, and was decreased 6.07% and 17.47% in the first and the second cropping seasons of 2011, respectively. Among the examined rice varieties, except in the first crop of 2011, there was significant difference between varieties in high temperature effect on fertility. As for the heat tolerance performance of different varieties in different cropping seasons, significant difference existed in 2011 (P＝0.001), but not in 2010 (P＝0.058). By analyzing high temperature effect on grain quality using fourteen varieties out of the selected populations in 2011, results showed that high temperature treatment affected head-rice ratio of brown rice. It reduced 13.89% for first crop and 15.21% for second crop. Varietal difference in head-rice ratio of brown rice was found only in the second crop.

並列關鍵字

Rice ； High temperature ； Fertility ； Grain quality

國際替代計量

高溫對水稻稔實率及稻米品質之影響

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