栽植期與催花期對鳳梨「台農17號」果實生育及品質之影響

Effect of Planting Time and Flower Forcing on Fruit Development and Quality in Pineapple 'Tainung No.17'

蔡惠文(Hui-Wen Tsai) ； 唐佳惠(Chia-Hui Tang) ； 官青杉(Ching-Shan Kuan)

《作物、環境與生物資訊》 12卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 155-165

https://doi.org/10.30061/CEB.201512_12(4).0001

摘要

鳳梨果實生育及品質受到環境與栽培管理影響，有關栽植期與催花期之效應尚未釐清。本研究為探討於南投地區生產鳳梨「台農17號」春果、夏果及秋果之適宜栽植期，乃於2009年12月及2010年3月進行分次種植苗株，分別於2010年9月、11月及2011年5月進行益收催花者為處理組，另以不進行催花處理之自然抽穗者為對照組。結果顯示，各催花處理組之催花率均可達90%以上，對照組在2011年自然抽穗率亦可達90%以上。為抑制自然抽穗，研究中於冬季種植並利用乙烯生合成抑制劑[本研究使用艾維激素(AVG)]處理植株，濃度為200mg L^(-1)，並添加0.067%展著劑，於2010年11月4日至2011年1月27日每隔14天處理1次，共7次，並於5月催花。結果顯示，經此處理過程可於9月採收，且不影響果實品質，又催花期會影響果實各階段生育天數，與植株大小無顯著差異，而果實可溶性固形物及可滴定酸含量則會受到季節溫度變化影響。該方法可供於南投地區生產秋果之參考。

關鍵字

栽植期 ； 抑制開花 ； 溫度 ； 可溶性固形物 ； 可滴定酸

並列摘要

Environment and horticultural practices critically influence the growth, development, and quality of fruit. However, effects of planting time and flower forcing on fruit production of certain pineapple cultivars are poorly understood. This study was to explore the best planting timings for pineapple 'Tainung No.17' that can be harvested in spring, summer and autumn, respectively. Seedlings were planted in December 2009 and March 2010. Some plants were natural flowering to produce fruit and others were treated with flower forcing in September and November of 2010 and May 2011. Results showed that plants treated with flower forcing reached a flowering rate of more than 90%. The natural flowering plants had a fruit setting rate of more than 90% in the year 2011. Inhibition of natural flowering occurred during the winter. In Nantou County of Taiwan, pineapple planted in winter treated with 200 mg L^(-1) of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) plus 0.067% (V/V) of surfactant reached maturity in autumn the next year. Such a practice was applied every 14 days for 7 times, during the period from 4 November 2010 to 27 January 2011, and then treated with flower forcing in May. As such, fruit can be harvested in September with guaranteed quality. Results showed that the timing of flower forcing affected the duration of fruit ripening but not on plant size. The total soluble solids and titratable acidity were affected by seasonal temperature changes.

並列關鍵字

Planting time ； Flowering inhibition ； Temperature ； Total soluble solids ； Titratable acidity