專利庫－經濟取向分析下之法制比較與調和

The Enlightenment of the Patent Misuse Doctrine

劉孔中(Kung-Chung Liu)

《智慧財產評論》 10卷1期 (2012/06) Pp. 1-36

https://doi.org/10.30387/NCCUIPR.201206_10(1).0001

摘要

智慧財產權與競爭法關係之調和，可以說是近年來智財法與競爭法最熱門的題目之一。其次，專利庫是專利落實以及推廣涉及大量專利之新技術的重要工具，同時也是智慧財產權與競爭法調和的最好試金石。因此本文首先追溯國際上各國日益以經濟取向看待二者關係的方法，並歸納其特徵，然後比較各國對專利庫約款競爭法議題之評量的異同。本文接著處理各國法制主要差異及調和的問題，並附帶討論專利庫約款被認定為違反競爭法時，對依據專利權主張之不作為請求權及授權協議會有何種影響。最後，本文展望三點值得後續研究關注的方向：專利庫應對競爭法主管機關透明、各國制定單一智財授權協定準則之必要性，以及經濟取向應著重之效果。

關鍵字

專利庫 ； 專利實施 ； 經濟取向方法 ； 當然原則 ； 論理原則

並列摘要

This paper traces the growing acceptance of the more economic approach to IPR and competition law in state practices, and summarizes its characteristics. It then compares how jurisdictions weigh the IPR licensing agreements against competition law in the context of patent pools, which have become critically effective mechanism for both patent enforcement and the deployment of new technology. It further analyzes the major difference found, namely the abuse of dominant position by patent pools, and how to look upon and even harmonize it. It then moves on to study the impact of antitrust violation by patent pools on the cease-and-decease request based on IPR and on the licensing agreements. At the end, three points worthy of further attention will be brought up: the transparency of patent pools toward competition authorities, the need of maintaining comprehensive guidelines on IPR licensing agreements, and the effects that the more economic approach should pursue.

並列關鍵字

Patent Pool ； Economic Approach ； Per Se Rule ； Rule of Reason ； Abuse of Dominance