“言志”母題之驛動與流變－以《昭明文選》“志”類賦爲範疇展衍

The Change and Alternation of the Motif of Yan Zhi-to Trace it from the Ode Kind of Zhi in the Book of Zhao Ming Wen Xuan

鄭柏彰(Bo-Zhang Zheng)

《華梵人文學報》 8期 (2007/01) Pp. 23-51

https://doi.org/10.29930/HJH.200701.0002

摘要

「言志」的文學母題，從先秦到漢、晉，一直在士人的書寫文本裡驛動著，而其背後所蘊涵的意識，不外是政治態度的「仕」與「隱」。此種「仕」、「隱」的抒發，通常會有「言志」或「緣情」的模糊解讀。然而，到了蕭統《昭明文選》裡，就特別在賦體獨立出了「志」類，以與「情」類相別，而選了班固〈幽通賦〉、張衡〈思玄賦〉、〈歸田賦〉及潘岳〈閑居賦〉的這四篇賦作爲代表。故此，本文首先會討論從先秦至漢初，「言志」主題所呈現的仕隱態度及此種態度對漢代文人的不遇之影響；接著，即將重心轉到《文選》四篇賦作，以看出從〈幽通賦〉到〈思玄賦〉、〈歸田賦〉直迄〈閑居賦〉文本裡，文人對「志」的不遇，已能從出仕的奢求轉向樂土的創造，進而覓得一消解之道，來安撫寄託個人漂泊的心靈。

關鍵字

昭明文選 ； 言志 ； 緣情 ； 幽通賦 ； 思玄賦 ； 閑居賦

並列摘要

The Motif of Yan Zhi in literature, it has been changed and altered in the texts among intellectuals from previous Chin Dynasty and the Han dynasty to Jin Dynasty, and what implies behind is absolutely the ”shi” (usually known as in politics) and ”yin”(usually known as out of politics and reminds dignity) to be seen in politic career The attitudes of ”shi” and ”yin” usually have a vague and hazy image in the explanation of Yan Zhi (言志) and Yuan Qing (緣情). Moreover, from Zhao Ming Wen Xuan (昭明文選), edited by Shiau Tung (蕭統), who is the elder son of Liang Wu Di (梁五帝) in Nan Dynasty (南朝); it especially made Ode kind (賦) depend from Zhi kind (志), making a division to Qing kind (情) to emphasize personal confronting. exemplifying by You Tong Fu (幽通賦), worte by Ban Gu (班固), Sai Xuan Fu (思玄賦) and Gui Tian Fu (歸田賦), wrote by Zhang Heng (張衡) and Xian Ju Fu (閑居賦) wrote by Pan Yue (潘岳). As a result, this article will discuss the attitudes of ”shi” and ”yin” and what it had brought to the intellectuals through their rough politic career Next, turn to the four writings in Zhao Ming Wen Xuan, to trace the inside about how the intellectuals turn their tough attitudes in rough politic career to a promised land out of politics and find a way to console and relieve them in the lonely soul.

並列關鍵字

Zhao Ming Wen Xuan ； Yan Zhi ； Yuan Qing ； You Tong Fu ； Sai Xuan Fu ； Xian Ju Fu

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