元宵與中秋－《紅樓夢》神聖時間的創傷書寫與療癒

Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn-Traumatic Writing and Healing on the Sacred Times in ＂The Dream of the Red Chamber＂

林素玟(Su-Wen Lin)

《華梵人文學報》 22期 (2014/07) Pp. 71-105

摘要

本文從文學治療學的角度，以書寫治療為研究方法，探究《紅樓夢》作者對「元宵」與「中秋」兩大神聖時間的創傷書寫與自我療癒。歲時節日對中國人而言，恆常指涉著特殊的文化隱義，尤其在月圓的「元宵」與「中秋」兩大佳節，更隱含著「團圓」與「歡樂」的文化內涵。然而，檢視《紅樓夢》文本，在描述「元宵佳節」與「中秋佳節」的情節中，經常出現衰颯淒涼的景象，與「團圓」、「歡樂」的佳節意象，形成強烈的對比，顯示作者生命中歷盡許多巨大的創痛與滄桑。而在第一回楔子中，作者也道出《紅樓夢》的創作動機與目的，唯有透過書寫，才能真誠面對孤獨的自我；也唯有書寫，才能宣洩在世間所受的創傷經驗，淨化心靈。在小說情節不斷循環重複的神聖時間中，在小說角色與進出作者讀者的扮演中，一次次撫慰累累傷痕，體會再生與圓滿的生命境界。

關鍵字

紅樓夢 ； 神聖時間 ； 創傷書寫 ； 文學治療學

並列摘要

Writing therapy is used as a research perspective in this essay, which delves into Cao Xueqin's traumatic writing and self-healing in the sacred time of the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, in Dream of the Red Chamber. In Chinese traditional festivals, both festivals are loaded with cultural meanings: particularly the full moon nights imply cultural connotations of ＂reunion＂ and ＂joy＂. However, in examining related parts of the novel concerning the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, we find desolate scenes of trauma and regrets about the vicissitudes of life, which are in sharp contrast to the spirits and moods of ＂reunion＂ and ＂joy＂. In the prologue to Dream of the Red Chamber, Cao had expressed his motivation and purpose of the novel: he was able to face the solitary self genuinely only through writing, because in writing he was allowed to give vent to his worldly traumatic experiences and to purify the soul. The incessant circulation and repetition of the plot and the interaction between the characters, the author, and readers, all help to keep soothing one's traumas by experiencing the revived and consummate life during a full moon.

並列關鍵字

＂The Dream of the Red Chamber＂ ； sacred time ； traumatic writing ； therapeutics of Literature

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