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從孔、孟的命論談儒家意義治療學之建構

The Theory of Confucius and Mengtzu's Destiny Thought and the Construction of Confucian Logotherapy

摘要


本文〈從孔、孟的命論談儒家意義治療學之建構〉,是欲通弗蘭克意義治療學的理論,來探討孔子、孟子論命的思想,以建立-儒家式的意義治療學。 弗蘭克的意義治療學,是強調在於人們有一種「求意義的意志」,而此意義的欲求,是在於面臨生命的痛苦、人生的苦難之中,即可彰顯而出。而且,此意義是為上天給予我的獨一無二的使命,吾人必須負起責任以完成此使命。如此,就是展現了一種「態度的價值」,亦為能完成「終極的意義」。 本文以為孔子的「知天命」與孟子的「立命」之意,正符合於弗蘭克意義治療學的理念。孔、孟皆是從人生的遭遇中,去感受「天生德於予」、「天將降大任於是人」,有一種得自天的使命感。只是,孔、孟所彰顯的終極意義,是在專注於德性生命或道德本心的昂揚,其人生目標即在於成德、成聖。這點,與弗蘭克強調每個人的生命意義皆是獨一無二的有所不同。但是,本研究以為這正是儒家式意義治療的特色與價值。

關鍵字

意義治療 弗蘭克 孔子 孟子 義命分立

並列摘要


Dr. Viktor E Frankl's Logotherapy mentions that everyone has a desire to search for meanings. We call this desire ”the will of meaning”. Frankl believes that when people suffer from pain, he will find his own ”ultimate meaning”. In this paper, we research Confucius and Meng-tzu's(孟子) discussion of destiny. In the thought of Confucius ”Know the Mandate of Heaven” (知天命)and Meng-tzu's ”Set Up Your Destiny” (立命), we can find some ideas of Confucian Logotherapy's. Both Confucius and Meng-tzu's destiny thoughts were inspired by the experience of life. Especially through suffering, Confucius and Mengtzu found they had a mission from Heaven.For instance, Confucius says ”Heaven gave birth to the virtue within me……(天生德於予)” and Meng-tzu says ”when Heaven is going to give a big responsibility to someone……(天將降大任於是人也)”. The Confucian Logotherapy emphasizes the meaning of morality, such as to Hold Our ”Moral Original Mind”(本心). This is different from Frankl's Logotherapy. In Frankl's opinion, everyone's ”meaning of life” is different. But in Confucian Logotherapy, the ”ultimate meaning” will only be one: that is, to become a sage.

被引用紀錄


林文莉(2013)。《易》教內涵及其實踐--由《周易.繫辭》「以傳解經」展開之詮釋與探索〔博士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201613535875
洪才舒(2014)。學習的意義:華人文化與生命脈絡的視野〔碩士論文,國立清華大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0016-2912201413515605

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