摘要
本研究主要爲發展新穎反應型非鹵型低應力難燃劑，首先合成芳烷基酚醛樹脂，再進一步改質，可得含磷芳烷基酚醛樹脂。將含磷芳烷基樹脂作爲環氧樹脂之硬化劑，無須再添加其他難燃的物質，即可達到難燃的效果。利用FTIR、GPC、MS、1H-NMR和31P-NMR進行產物之結構鑑定，並利用DSC、TGA、DMA、UL-94V及LOI探討含磷芳烷基酚醛樹脂作爲環氧樹脂硬化劑之物性。實驗結果顯示，經含磷芳烷基酚醛樹脂硬化之環氧樹脂硬化物，由於含芳烷基使得其玻璃轉移溫度(T(下標 g))與彈性儲存模數較低，但在焦炭殘餘量上皆較未添佳者明顯的提升許多。在UL-94V燃燒測試上，環氧樹脂硬化物含磷量僅需約3%左右時便可達到V-0級且都無發煙現象與垂滴物產生，且LOI測試結果顯示皆能達到難燃等級。
並列摘要
The goal of this research is focused on the preparation of novel phosphorus-containing phenol aralkyl novolac resin (PAR) and epoxy resin compositions, which can be used in preparing prepregs and copper-clad laminates for printed circuit boards. The structure of phosphorus-containing novolac and epoxy was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis (EA), mass spectroscopy (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Thermal properties of cured epoxy resins were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). These data were compared with those of the commercial epoxy system. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 vertical test were used to characterize the flammability and combustion behavior. The cured phosphorus-containing epoxy resins showed higher char yield than that of control epoxy resin. UL-94 V-0 rating could be achieved with phosphorus content of as low as 3% in the cured epoxy resins, and no fume and toxic gas emission were observed. The limiting oxygen index as well as excellent UL-94 vertical burn test results of phosphorus-containing aralkyl resin indicated the flame retardancy of the phosphorus-containing epoxy resin.