同盟會與中國現代化運動

現代化是一個不斷調整適應來自政治經濟社會制度挑戰，以滿足新需要及價值轉變的過程，這個現代化轉變在中國由十九世紀開始，也是一個連續性，充滿動力的過程。中國現代化運動，從這個角度來看，可以劃分為幾個層次，第一是器物技術層次；第二是制度層次；第三是思想行為層次。同盟會號召「驅逐韃虜，恢復中華，平均地權，創立民國」。包含孫中山的民族、民權、民生三大主義。在中國現代化運動中，扮演了關鍵性的角色。其思想雖仍有傳統的種族主義色彩，但創立民國卻符合政治現代化民族國家的價值標準。平均地權更涵有社會現代化的普遍原則，而結合知識份子、領導改革、在思想現代化上具有強烈重智的傾向。就這些面向觀察，同盟會在中國現代化運動的角色與意義，很顯然值得進一步深入普遍的探討。

關鍵字

歐化；地方知識；進步觀；反現代化；後來者；新帝國主義；內發性的現代化；外發性的現代化；自強運動；因革損益說；防禦性現代化；涵化；現代性；軟心腸；本位主義的反動

並列摘要

Modernization, a process in which the form and substance of political, economic, and social institutions must be reconsidererd in order to meet the challenge of new demands and altered values, began in China in the mid-nineteenth century and in a continuous dynamic process. China's modernization, in the sense, may be described as three dimensions: first is technical and instrumental; second is institutional; third is behavioral and ideological. The Tung-meng-hui declared that ”the driving out of the barbarian dynasty” and ”the transformation of the peoples' land and of national polity”, the program became the blueprint for social reform and political stability. They committed themselves to the view that the right and welfare of the people were paramount, with that of nation state and universalism were the ultimate goal for the revolutionary movement in China. It is thus interesting to observe that the Tung-meng-hui's role and significance in China's modernization, which, we believed, could provides more clear and fully picture about the development of China's new order.

並列關鍵字

Europeanization ； Industrialization ； local knowledge ； ideal-type ； progress ； tender-minded ； fundamentalistic reaction ； de-modernization ； latecomer ； indigenons and exogenous modernization ； defensive modernization

國際替代計量

同盟會與中國現代化運動

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