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生者寄也,死者歸也:莎士比亞的諸幽靈

A Study on Shakespeare's Ghosts

摘要


莎士比亞藉《理查三世》、《居里厄斯.凱撒》、《哈姆雷》、《麥克貝斯》、《辛白林》五劇搬神造鬼,演述陰陽感應。把鬼魂寫進戲裡,目的與訴求何在?經常可見的那些沒有出現的、缺席之物,好比消失的場景、不在場的角色、沒有說出來的話語,反而往往更有力量,試圖拋出更重要的訊息,因此不說的比說的,還要來得通透。《哈姆雷》一幕一景,巡夜人巴拿都率先發聲,以一句朝向暗夜虛空中的驚天一問:「是誰在那裡」開場。「是誰」,口氣雖短,確是意味幽遠深長。本文由是也想詰問,那些遍布莎作中的「人間鬼事」,究竟有何隱衷?德希達魂在學乃本文主要理路依據,希冀透過微觀的理論視野,重新展讀莎文本,緊扣著幽魅纏繞邏輯、鬼魂意識滋衍出來的複雜議題,再探五部莎範典裡的志異論述,察考尚有研究潛力的「幽黯」地帶。

並列摘要


This project aims at an "unpacking" of Shakespeare's texts by means of re-examining those "blurred areas," if any, embedded inside and somewhat left unanswered. Since they are the subjects of my case analyses, I shall grope after Shakespeare's "revenge plays" that arguably include three tragedies (Julius Caesar, Hamlet, and Macbeth), one chronicle play (Richard III), and one romance (Cymbeline) via an "uncanny" detour of "ghosting." "Apparition," literally and figuratively, is related to the idea of "being haunted" or "remembering things past," not unlike the concepts of "compulsion to repeat," "involution and derivation," "disjunction of time and space," as well as "anonymity," characteristic to theory of "hauntology" proposed by Jacques Derrida. Therefore, the Derridean approach will be incorporated into my paper as a theoretical foundation in the hope of strengthening my argument on the need to re-interrogate Shakespeare's ghosts and the Bard's particular writings on spectrality.

參考文獻


王德威(2007)。後遺民寫作:時間與記憶的政治學。臺北:麥田出版。
王德威(2011)。歷史與怪獸:歷史,暴力,敘事。臺北:麥田出版。
王榮(2008)。淺談元雜劇《盆兒鬼》與《哈姆雷特》中的鬼魂顯靈現象。安徽文學。2008(1),190-191。
朱立民(1986)。幽靈.王子.八條命。中外文學。14(11),4-25。
朱雲濤(1999)。論莎士比亞劇作中超自然成分的思想根源及其意義。南京師大學報。1999(3),119-122。

被引用紀錄


黃丞渝(2017)。王嘉明作品中的偶戲手法運用〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201703981

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