婦癌患者身體心像、社會支持和憂鬱的相關性研究

Body Image, Social Support and Depression in Gynecologic Cancer Patients

陳怡靜(Yi-Jing Chen) ； 陳彰惠(Chung-Hey Chen)

《實證護理》 2卷4期 (2006/12) Pp. 293-300

https://doi.org/10.6225/JEBN.2.4.293

摘要

本研究目的在探討婦癌患者身體心像、社會支持和憂鬱的狀況及預測因子。以結構式問卷採方便取樣，個案為高雄市某醫學中心的婦癌患者，獲得有效問卷115份。問卷內容包括：人口學與婦科學調查表、身體心像量表、社會支持量表和貝氏憂鬱量表。研究結果發現：(1)身體心像滿意度得分是4.07分，表示婦癌患者對身體心像感到「有點滿意」，其中「年齡」、「自覺健康滿意度」及「目前治療情形」三個變項與身體心像滿意度的得分，在統計上呈正相關。(2)社會支持平均分數為2.21分，表示婦癌患者獲得良好的社會支持，其中「教育程度」、「社經地位」、「自覺健康滿意度」三個變項與社會支持的得分，在統計上呈正相關。(3)憂鬱的盛行率為50.4%，平均分數為12.23分，屬於「輕度憂鬱」，僅有「自覺健康滿意度」與憂鬱得分有顯著負相關。(4)婦癌患者的憂鬱和社會支持呈顯著負相關；身體心像和社會支持呈顯著正相關；身體心像和憂鬱沒有顯著相關。(5)婦癌患者憂鬱的顯著預測因子為社會支持和自覺健康滿意度，這兩個變項可解釋總變異量的22.2%。本研究結果顯示婦癌患者雖然有較正向的身體心像和社會支持，但憂鬱程度仍較高，此現象值得進一步探討。

關鍵字

婦癌患者 ； 身體心像 ； 社會支持 ； 憂鬱

並列摘要

This study aimed to examine: (a) the satisfaction of body image and perceived social support and (b) the nature and predictors of depression in gynecologic cancer patients. A convenience sampling survey was conducted using structured questionnaires. A total of 115 gynecologic cancer patients, all at a medical center in Kaohsiung, comprised the study group. Questionnaires covered the Demographic and Gynecologic Inventory, Body Image Scale, the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List and Beck Depression Inventory. Findings showed that: (1) The average score of the satisfaction of body image was 4.07, suggesting that gynecologic cancer patients felt somewhat satisfied with their body image. All three parameters of age, perceived health status, and current status of treatment, correlated positively with body image. (2) An average satisfaction with social support score of 2.21, which indicated that gynecologic cancer patients received a fair level of social support. All three parameters of education level, social economic status, and perceived health status correlated positively with social support. (3) The prevalence of depression reached 50.4%. The average score of the depression was 12.23, which characterized mild depression. Only one variable, ”perceived health status”, correlated negatively with depression. (4) Depression in gynecologic cancer patients correlated negatively with social support. Body image correlated positively with social support, but was not correlated with depression. (5) Significant predictors of depression for gynecologic cancer patients in this study included perceived health status and perceived social support. Together, these two predictors explained 22.2% of the depression variance. The study demonstrates that, while gynecologic cancer patients perceive relatively more social support, they still tend to be more depressed than the control group. Possible nursing interventions related to these findings deserve further research.

並列關鍵字

gynecologic cancer patients ； body image ； social support ； depression