現代法治國家在面對內外環境的衝擊,為能於財政負擔及任務履行間達成平衡,往往需要借助甚多的調整,民營化、公私協力均是在此一脈絡下所生的產物。所謂的公私協力,泛指國家與私人之間所進行的合作或相互作用,當國家試圖尋求與私人共同承擔公共任務時,如何兼顧民主正當性及合法性控制,自然需要探究,易言之,縱使公私協力成為國家履行任務的常態,但國家如何運用不同調控手段以確保成效,無疑是一大關鍵。而考量任務履行之實效及兼顧協力對象的參與意願,反映在現實上會出現「契約化」(contracting)的調控趨勢,循此「如何形塑適當的契約體制?」毋寧會成為法學與實務關注的焦點。鑒於行政法學的發展與公共任務的不斷轉化密切相關,因而我們該如何掌握此一轉變趨勢並與時俱進地建構其內涵?相當值得探究,為此本文嘗試探討如何從國家調控的角度建構起適合公私協力之契約體制,並參酌德國對此議題所進行的修法歷程以供我國借鑒。
Global trend pushes governments to make dramatically reform to response peoples' demands. To sum up, governments- the public sector- use different ways to cooperate with private sector, by means of Contracting- out, Privatization, Public-Private Partnership (PPP) and so on. In fact, public sector cooperates with the private sector is not uncommon, however, in comparison to the means of administration action, it has been adjusted by means of contractual control, but cooperation between different sectors still have several problems, for example, how to resolve the conflicts between efficiency and effectiveness? In addition, the regulation should be extent or not? how should we supervise contracts' provisions? Such problems still need to pay continuous attentions on.