臺灣和美國小學科學教科書在科學素養與科學主題之比較分析

本研究旨在比較臺灣和美國小學科學教科書內容所呈現科學素養與科學主題之差異，為臺灣小學科學教科書研究、發展提供參考。研究者以臺灣康軒版和美國McGraw-Hill（MH）版教科書為對象，採用內容分析法進行研究。研究結果顯示：一、兩版本內容中呈現最多的科學素養均為過程技能，其次為思考智能；康軒版內容中科學素養與先備知能的連結較多、延伸探討的深度較淺，以及對教師說明與引導的需求較高。二、康軒版和MH版教科書中涵蓋最多的科學主題分別是「自然界的組成與特性」和「永續發展」；康軒版中科學主題與先備知識的連結較多、內容難度較低，以及大部分主題對教師說明與引導的需求較高。最後，提出有關康軒版教科書編撰及教科書研究的參考建議。

關鍵字

內容分析；美國小學科學教科書；科學主題；科學素養；臺灣小學科學教科書

並列摘要

This study aims to compare the differences between Taiwanese elementary science textbooks and American primary science textbooks in terms of scientific literacy themes and science themes, and provide references for the development of school science textbooks in Taiwan. The researchers took the Taiwanese Kang Hsuan (KH) textbooks and the American McGraw-Hill (MH) textbooks as objects and used content analysis to conduct research. Results show that in the KH and MH textbooks, the aspect of process skills was the most presented scientific literacy theme, followed by the aspect of thinking intelligence. Compared with the scientific literacy themes presented in the MH textbooks, the scientific literacy themes in the KH textbooks had more links with prior skills and a lesser degree of depth of inquiry; moreover, they needed more teachers' explanations and guidance. In addition, ＂composition and characteristics of nature＂ and ＂sustainable development＂ were the most presented science themes in the KH and MH textbooks, respectively. Compared with the science themes in the MH textbooks, the science themes in the KH textbooks had more links to prior knowledge and a lesser degree of difficulty; moreover, they needed more teachers' explanations and guidance. Finally, suggestions are made for the editing of KH textbooks and the research of school science textbooks.

並列關鍵字

content analysis ； American primary science textbooks ； science themes ； scientific literacy themes ； Taiwanese elementary science textbooks

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