透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.145.178.106
  • 期刊

學前幼兒對攻擊及打鬧遊戲觀點之研究

An Exploration on Montessori Teachers' Role: From Educational Sociology Perspective

摘要


幼兒園是孩子獲得知識、培養自理能力和建立同儕關係的環境,打鬧追逐是隨處可見的行為,但也經常讓老師感到困擾,因為幼兒在打鬧當中,若造成受傷,本來是歡樂且促進社會發展的玩鬧行為,就可能會演變成愛面子不服輸的攻擊行為,進而變成老師處理不完的告狀事件。多數研究以成人本位觀點詮釋攻擊和打鬧遊戲,而真正深入探討幼兒本身內心的想法和認知仍未被充分討論。基於此,研究藉由觀察及本身面對這些事件所採取的解決方式和省思進行探究,期望能從幼兒觀點出發,了解孩子們對「攻擊」和「打鬧遊戲」的認知為何?當發生類似行為時如何區別兩者?在攻擊及打鬧遊戲發生後,幼兒還會選擇對方成為友伴嗎?因此,本研究目的除了讓孩子藉由回答相關問題確認並表達自己對兩者的看法,釐清同儕的某些行為對自己是否產生不同感受或影響;另一方面,也讓研究者更加了解幼兒的想法,有助於協助老師在班級經營中作為介入時機自我檢視或調停方式修正之參考,讓幼兒和同儕間能取得一個平衡共識,讓打鬧遊戲更能發揮實質意義,攻擊事件也能因了解而漸趨減少,達到幼兒良好社會發展及同儕互動關係的最佳成效。本研究以十九位學前幼兒為對象,採全體觀看攻擊與打鬧遊戲影片、個別訪談及團體討論方式進行。研究結果發現:一、幼兒對攻擊的觀點分為「臉部表情」、「肢體動作」和「口語聲音」三部分。二、幼兒對打鬧遊戲的觀點分為「臉部表情」、「肢體動作」、「口語聲音」和「角色互換」四部份。三、幼兒對攻擊和打鬧遊戲觀點的異同處發現,相同處為「行為表現」和「出現地點」兩部分,不同處為「情緒轉換」、「行為力道」和「事件結果」三部分。四、幼兒在攻擊及打鬧遊戲發生後對友伴選擇之期待發現,當攻擊發生後,幼兒希望對方不要再發生類似行為,但若對方願意歉,五成以上幼兒會考慮選擇原諒並再次和對方成為朋友;至於打鬧遊戲發生後,大家還是好朋友,不影響彼此原有關係。根據結果本研究提出三點反思,分別為空間環境規劃、課程活動安排與師生雙向交流等建議。期望讓幼兒在正確認知與釐清「攻擊」和「打鬧遊戲」的觀點後,能盡情發揮打鬧遊戲促進友伴關係的功能,消彌攻擊對破壞雙方關係的影響。

關鍵字

幼兒 攻擊 打鬧遊戲

並列摘要


Preschool is the place where children get knowledge, develop self-management ability and build social interrelationship. Rough and Tumble play happens everywhere in their preschool environment. The research aims to observe and realize the following questions, including 19 children's recognition toward "aggression" and "tough and rumble play", the difference between "aggression" and "tough and rumble play", and the existence of friendship among play. The research outcome is as follows. 1. Children's point of view toward aggression include "facial expression", "body movement", and "verbal voice". 2. Children's point of view toward rough and tumble play include "facial expression", "body movement", "verbal voice", and "role play". 3. The similarity include behavior expression and happening site, and the difference include emotion transition, behavior expression, and behavior results. 4. Rough and tumble play didn't influence children's friendship, and most children hope that aggression will not happen again in their social interactions. There are three suggestions include environment design, curriculum activity arrangement, and teacher-children social interaction toward building quality friendship in preschool.

並列關鍵字

children aggression rough and tumble play

延伸閱讀