This paper summarises the archaeological results of the Batanes fieldwork undertaken between 2002 and 2005 by teams from the Australian National University, the National Museum of the Philippines, and the University of the Phiiippines. The evidence is believed to support a Neolithic settlement of the Batanes from Taiwan before 4000 BP, followed by continuing contacts, lasting until at least 1300 BP, that involved a movement of slate and nephrite from Taiwan (possibly via Ludao and Lanyu Islands) to Batan and Itbayat. Evidence that initial Neolithic settlement of the Batanes came from the south, via Luzon, is not indicated in the assemblages so far excavated.