Analysis of Effective Dose and Organ Dose for Pediatric Patients Undergoing Selected X-Ray Examinations

兒童病人接受特定X光檢查有效劑量與器官劑量之評估

許慧苓(Huei-Ling Shiu) ； 葉善宏(Shann-Horng Yeh)

《台灣應用輻射與同位素雜誌》 8卷2期 (2012/06) Pp. 251-258

https://doi.org/10.29832/TJARI.201206.0001

摘要

本研究評估1歲、5歲與10歲兒童接受胸部與腹部X光檢查時，各個重要器官之劑量、有效劑量與入射表面劑量。本研究應用3個ATOM(上標 TM)廠牌之兒童假體及LiF:Mg,Cu,P片狀熱發光劑量評估器官劑量與入射表面劑量，評估劑量時，引用每一熱發光劑量計的晶片修正因子修正每一晶片的輻射敏度差異，從而增進劑量度量之準確度。有效劑量參考ICRP 103號報告建議的組織加權因數評估，研究結果顯示，1歲男孩與女孩接受胸部與腹部X光檢查，其平均有效劑量分別為7.62微西弗與23.63微西弗。5歲兒童的平均有效劑量分別為15.54微西弗與44.39微西弗；10歲兒童的平均有效劑量分別為22.32微西弗與153.80微西弗。3種年齡兒童病人之入射表面劑量皆低於國際原子能總署建議的指導水平，本研究亦評估兒童病人的輻射風險，其風險非常低，但仍宜遵守合理抑低原則。

關鍵字

兒童病人 ； 有效劑量 ； 熱發光劑量計 ； 胸部放射攝影 ； 腹部放射攝影

並列摘要

This research evaluated the dose to various important organs, effective dose, and entrance surface dose for children at 1, 5 and 10 years of age when they underwent chest and abdominal (KUB) X-ray examinations. Three pediatric ATOM(superscript TM) phantoms and chips TLD- LiF: Mg, Cu, P were utilized to measure the organ dose and the entrance surface dose. In this research, the element correction coefficient of each TLD chip was evaluated and applied. These coefficients enabled us to apply a sensitivity correction to each TLD and then improve the accuracy of dose measurement. The effective doses were calculated by referring the tissue weighting factors recommended by ICRP 103 report. The results showed that the average effective dose (received by boy and girl) for chest and KUB examinations is 7.62μSv and 23.63μSv respectively, for 1 year-old infants. For 5 year-old children, the average effective dose is 15.54μSv and 44.39μSv respectively. For 10 year-old children, the average effective dose is 22.32μSv and 153.80μSv respectively. The entrance surface doses of pediatric patients with three different ages are lower than the guidance levels recommended by IAEA. The radiation risks for pediatric patients are evaluated. The risks show extremely low, but the ALARA principle should be considered.

並列關鍵字

Pediatric patients ； Effective dose ； TLD ； Chest radiology ； KUB radiology