以厭氧消化產製生物肥料之研究－豬糞與稻稈共消化

Study of Anaerobic Digestion for Biofertilizer Production: Co-digestion of Swine Waste and Rice Straw

陳文興(Wen-Hsing Chen) ； 林志高(Jih-Gaw Lin) ； 莊維綸(Wei-Lun Jhuang)

《國立宜蘭大學工程學刊》 8期 (2012/12) Pp. 90-106

https://doi.org/10.6176/BCE.2012.08.17

摘要

本研究目的以溫相式厭氧消化系統消化豬糞及稻稈混合物為生物肥料。溫相式厭氧消化系統之高溫厭氧消化槽溫度為55±1°C，中溫厭氧消化槽溫度為35±1°C。當溫相式厭氧消化系統之操作在14天達到穩定狀態後，探討豬糞（Pig manure, PM）及稻稈（Rice straw, RS）混合比例4比1與9比1（重量百分比）下對於生物肥料生產之影響。研究顯示此二豬糞及稻稈比例皆可達到Class A biosolids對於揮發性固體物（Volatile solid, VS）和致病菌的規範，進料超過35%有機氮被轉化為氨氮。從重金屬分析結果得知，本實驗之PM與RS兩混合比例在銅和鋅二金屬濃度遠高於其他金屬，且超出臺灣對液態肥料之標準，此外鉻和鎳也有超出規範的可能。這些重金屬主要是由豬糞貢獻而來，這亦說明當豬糞及稻稈混合比例低於4比1下，溫相式厭氧消化系統消化後之生物肥料其重金屬濃度才會達到肥料之標準。

關鍵字

生物肥料 ； 厭氧消化 ； 沼氣 ； 厭氧生物技術 ； 農牧廢棄物

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of biofertilizer production from the mixture of pig manure (PM) and rice straw (RS) by using Temperature-Phased Anaerobic Digestion (TPAD). In the TPAD system, a thermophilic digester controlled at 55±1°C was followed by a mesophilic digester controlled at 35±1°C. The TP AD system were gradually at 14-day hydraulic retention times (HRTs), and then the mixtures of PM and RS with mixed ratios of 4 to 1 and 9 to 1 (mass/mass) were evaluated for biofertilizer production. Results show that more than 35 % of organic nitrogen was converted to ammonia-nitrogen. In addition, the levels of coliform bacteria and VS removal after anaerobic digestion met the Class A biosolids standards. It exhibits that the TPAD system efficiently pasteurized the mixture of the pig manure and rice straw to destroy pathogens. However, it is found that the heavy metal concentrations after anaerobic digestion could not satisfy the requirement for biofertilizers. Notice that the high levels of copper and zinc were mainly from the pig manure. Reducing the mixing ratio of PM and RS below 4 to 1 is the way to lowing the levels of heavy metals.

並列關鍵字

Biofertilizers ； Temperature-Phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) ； Biogas ； Anaerobic biotechnology ； Agricultural-livestock wastes