早期療育機構發展遲緩兒童齲齒狀況及照護者口腔保健態度之探討

Caries in Children with Developmental Delay and Caregivers' Attitude Toward Oral Care in Early Intervention Institutes

黃珊珊(Shan-Shan Huang) ； 黃純德(Shun-Te Huang)

《臺灣兒童牙醫學雜誌》 18卷1期 (2018/03) Pp. 3-9

https://doi.org/10.6319/TJPD.2018.18(1).0001

摘要

據推估台灣約有8到10萬名發展遲緩兒童，且通報人數有逐年上升的趨勢。然而，國內外針對發展遲緩兒童的口腔狀況研究仍相當缺乏，因此本研究之目的為了解台灣發展遲緩兒童的齲齒狀況及照護者對口腔照護的態度。以台灣早期療育機構238位2-5歲發展遲緩兒童為研究對象。資料收集包含口腔檢查及問卷調查兩部分，口腔檢查由四位牙醫師執行（Kappa=0.89）。問卷採自填式結構型問卷，由發展遲緩兒童之家長或照護者填答。本研究發展遲緩兒童之幼兒早 期性齲齒（ECC）盛行率為43.28%，乳牙齲齒指數（dmft）為2.45（±3.66）。照護者認為“蛀牙不影響兒童全身健康與發育”及“兒童不需要做定期口腔檢查”者，其孩童患ECC的比例較高。結論：台灣發展遲緩兒童的齲齒狀況齲齒率仍偏高，且照護者對口腔保健之態度與ECC相關。

關鍵字

發展遲緩兒童 ； 幼兒早期性齲齒 ； 口腔保健態度

並列摘要

It is estimated that there are more than 80,000 children with developmental delay in Taiwan. However, the researches about the oral health condition of this population are still few. The purpose of this study was to investigate the caries conditions of children with developmental delay and to understand the caregivers' attitudes toward oral health. 238 children aged 2-5 years old with developmental delay from early intervention institutes in Taiwan were recruited in our study. The study comprised oral examination conducted by 4 dentists (kappa =0.89) and self-administered questionnaire completed by the caregivers. The prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) in Taiwanese children with developmental delay was 43.28% and the dmft index was 2.45 (±3.66). The children had higher prevalence of ECC if their caregivers believed that the ＂oral health will not influence the general health＂ and ＂children don't need routine dental visit＂. In conclusion, the caries rate of children with developmental delay in Taiwan was high. The caregivers' attitude toward oral health was associated with the prevalence of ECC.

並列關鍵字

Children with Developmental Delay ； Early Childhood Caries ； Attitude Toward Oral Health