並列摘要
It is widely believed that Thailand is a country with high cultural homogeneity. However, Thailand is actually a multicultural country with more than 70 language groups. The gap between people's perception and reality is due to Thailand's ethnic policy which can be traced back to the 19th century when European powers showed their ambition to this country. Under this historical background and the intention of nation building, Thailand has been vigorously promoting ethnic assimilation in order to create a culturally homogeneous and united country. Based on a sociological appraoch, this paper discusses the past and current situation of Thailand's ethnic policy as well as its language policy. In terms of ethnic issues, this article specifically focuses on three in-depth cases where there are more turbulent ethnic conflicts, including the separatist movement of Malay Muslims in southern Thailand, the identity and poverty problem among the Yishan people in the northeast, and the human rights issues of the indigenous peoples in the northern mountain areas. Hopefully these cases are conducive to a more comprehensive understanding of Thailand's ethnic policies.
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