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論涉外案件處理上定性之客體

The Object of Chacterization in Transnational Civil Law

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摘要


爲涉外案件選擇準據法時,必須先決定應適用的選法規則,而由於選法規則使用歸類概念,因此產生定性的問題。而爲涉外案件定性,勢必確定何者是定性的客體。在學說上,向來有法律關係說、實體規範說、法律問題說、生活關係說的爭論。本文經由觀察實務運作以及法律適用過程,推論涉外案件的案件事實是定性的客體。並藉此結論,重新省思學說上有關定性標準的理論。

並列摘要


While searching an applicable law for a case with foreign elements, we have to apply a choice-of-law rule at first. While applying a choice-of-law rule, we have to allocate the factual situation into the correct legal category. That is process of characterization. But what is the object of characterization? Legal relationship, substantive rule, legal question or living relationship? By observing the practice of court and the methodology of legal reasoning, we could know that the substantive situation (Sachverhalte) is the object of characterization. Under this argument, we could refine the theory of characterization.

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