淺談足球文化與國家認同

The Brief Discussion about Soccer Culture and Nation Identification

鄭景文(Ching-Wen Jeng) ； 張耀川(Yao-Chuan Chang) ； 陳彥君(Yen-Chun Chen) ； 蔡正育(Cheng-Yu Tsai)

《運動知識學報》 4期 (2007/06) Pp. 193-201

https://doi.org/10.29596/BGYY.200706.0020

摘要

足球場上踢動的足球不僅傳遞著一個球隊的精神面貌，而且也表達了這個國家的內部狀態。大多人都認爲足球是拼體力與技巧的激烈性高的運動，並展現於球員間的配合而構成一場精彩比賽。從其中可看出各國家的多元化，來自世界不同地方的球隊代表了各個地域性生態中的各個特徵的優劣性，在足球盛行的國度，足球文化成爲人們生活的一部份。足球文化和民族文化、民族特性息息相關，但是並非有傳統文化，有特性的民族就能創造足球文化，因此本文將探討足球運動的發展，對國際關係與國家認同的關係。本文彙整相關文獻探討後，認爲足球運動的發展，對國際關係與國家認同的關係如下所示：
一、運動固來就是個保守者，有助於鞏固政體或中心國家主義、愛國主義和種族主義。
二、運動具有某些特性，使它成爲國結與整合的可能工具。
三、運動提供給失意的民族或國家一個情感發洩的安全管道。
四、運動提供獨特的政治鬥爭，某些是與國家主義政治以及大眾國家主義鬥爭緊密連結。
五、運動在國家主義發展的過程中，常被當成是依賴與不穩定發展的自然反應。
六、運動提供一個對身份的尋求，無論它是否接通了懷鄉之情、神話、創造的傳統、國旗、國歌和儀式或是在地區或者國家規模上。
七、運動有助於強化國家意識以及文化上的國家主義。

關鍵字

足球 ； 國家認同

並列摘要

The endeavoring effort spent on soccer is not only a matter about soccer playing but also expresses the very spiritual facade of a soccer team with the inner status of a soccer team's nation well shown. Most people suppose that soccer is typically a violent sports combined with physical energy and proficient skills. A bravo soccer game is actually composed of players' harmonious coordination and cooperation. From game viewing, we can insight the divergence from various participating nations. Soccer teams from various nations can also represent the superior and inferior characteristics of various geographic territories. 1n any nation prevailing in soccer, soccer culture means the very core part to people's daily life. Soccer culture really does much with nationality culture and characteristics. However, it does not mean any nation with traditional culture and nationality characteristics can readily create soccer culture. Thus, this article is aimed d to explore the relationship among the development of soccer sports, international relation and nation identification.
After the relevant scientific lectures are compiled for this article, it the author's idea that the development of soccer sports brings about below relation with international relation and nation identification:
1. Sports always hold the conservative stance with favorable aid for consolidating political systems or central nationalism, patriotism and racism.
2. Sports are featured with some characteristics and it can be served as a possible tool for national consolidation and union.
3. Sports can provide depressed nations or peoples with a safe relaxing outlet emotionally.
4. Sports provide unique political fights. Some fights are closely involved with scuffling nationalism politics and public nationalism.
5. Sports are usually viewed as a natural response full of independence and instability during the developing process of nationalism.
6. No matter this pursuit is something concerned with the traditions like homesickness mythology or creation, national flags, national anthem, ceremonies locally or internationally, sports provide a kind of pursuit for identity.
7. Sports facilitate to people intensify nation consciousness and cultural nationalism.

並列關鍵字

soccer ； nation identification