2014年巴西世界盃足球賽進球特徵分析研究

Analysis of 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil Goal Characteristics

鄭景文(Ching-Wen Jeng)

《運動知識學報》 12期 (2015/07) Pp. 89-101

摘要

本文旨在探討2014年巴西世界盃足球賽，32支球隊，64場比賽中，171個進球數的得分特徵，其研究目的在於瞭解世界盃足球賽有關射門時間、射門區域、球員司職位置、射門方式、不同身體部位射門、攻門的組織型式和連續傳球次數等對進球的影響，並分析各種進球的特點。透過影帶慢速觀看，記錄各項數據，經量化分析後發現：一、本屆比賽最後15分鐘的進球數最多，達到全場進球最高峰。二、罰球區域是本屆進球數最多的區域，該區域是各隊射門攻防作戰必爭之地。三、前鋒和中場球員是進球得分主力，中場球員不論是進球數或進球率更是呈現逐屆上升趨勢。四、搶點直接射門是進球率最高的射門方式。五、以腳射進球為主，其中腳內側運用最多。頭頂球仍是足球技戰術發展中重要的進攻方式。六、定位球、快速反擊及中、邊路配合進攻是主要的進攻組織型式。定位球射門進球數居各進攻型式之首，快速反擊居次。七、本屆比賽連續傳球次數在3次以內的進球數，約佔總進球數的四分之三。經過4次以上連續傳球後，進球數明顯下降。

關鍵字

足球 ； 進球特徵 ； 射門區域 ； 射門途徑 ； 得分能力

並列摘要

The study discusses about 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil Goal Characteristics, including 32 teams, 64 games, and 171 goals. The purpose of the study is analyzing various goal characteristics, and understanding the effects of several factors on scoring the goal, such as the period, areas, and styles of shooting, positions of players, scoring by different parts of body, forms of setting up to score, and the frequency of consecutive passes. By watching the clips in slow motion, recording data, and quantifying analysis, the result shows that: 1. The highest frequency of scoring and also the climax of scoring period is during the last 15 minutes of each game in this World Cup. 2. In this World Cup, penalty area is the area that players score the most and become a crucial place for each team scoring and defending. 3. Strikers and centre forwards are the main players of scoring. The frequency and the rate of goals of centre forwards appear to be gradually increasing. 4. Shoot-on-sight tactic is the way that gets the highest goal rate. 5. The main scoring way is using the foot, especially the inside foot. But heading is still an important scoring way in tactic development. 6. Place kick, counterattack, and the attack coordination from the side or center are the main scoring tactics. The tactic gets the highest frequency of goal is place kick, and the runner-up goes to counterattack. 7. Goals, with the number of times of consecutive passes under 3 times, are about three quarters of total goals in this World Cup. There is an obvious decreasing of the number of goals when the consecutive passes are over 4 times.

並列關鍵字

soccer ； goal characteristics ； shooting area ； shooting ways ； scoring ability