烏石鼻海岸自然保留區的植群分類與製圖

Vegetation Classification and Mapping in Wushihbi Coastal Nature Reserve

陳品邑(Ping-Yi Chen) ； 毛俊傑(Jean-Jay Mao) ； 陳子英(Tze-Ying Chen)

《宜蘭大學生物資源學刊》 預刊文章 Pp. 11-28

摘要

本研究調查宜蘭烏石鼻海岸自然保留區的植群，並繪製植群圖。共調查71個植物樣區，樣區採用英美學派之多樣區法，環境因子則記錄海拔高度、坡度、方位、地形位置、全天光空域、直射光空域、含石率、岩石率、地表裸露率；植群分析上採用降趨對應分析法及雙向指標種分析法；現生植群製圖之比例尺為1：10,000，製圖單位以植相層級之群團為主。植物共計110科276屬389種，經降趨對應分析呈顯著相關的環境因子有地形、坡度、海拔、岩石率及地表裸露率，配合雙向指標種分析可分植群型為9型和7個亞型，分別為1.山龍眼－豬腳楠型下分：長尾尖葉櫧－豬腳楠亞型、圓葉冬青-豬腳楠亞型及包籜矢竹－豬腳楠亞型；2.土楠－大葉楠型下分：青剛櫟－大葉楠亞型及榕樹－大葉楠亞型；3.大頭茶－森氏紅淡比型；4.大冇榕型；5.台灣赤楊型；6.白雞油－九芎型；7.芒型；8.椬梧－密花苧麻型；9.細葉假黃鵪菜－芒型下分：花蓮澤蘭－芒亞型及台灣蘆竹－芒亞型，並加上2種人工次生林。植群製圖之野外調繪點共261個點，以位於溪谷至中坡的土楠－大葉楠型覆蓋面積最大，位於海岸峭壁上的細葉假黃鵪菜－芒型次之，位於突出海岬山坡上的相思樹人工次生林第三。經與其它台灣東北區植群比較，本研究之長尾尖葉櫧－豬腳楠亞型與包籜矢竹－豬腳楠亞型可歸類為東北近海區的植群型。

關鍵字

降趨對應分析 ； 雙向指標種分析法 ； 植群分類 ； 植群製圖 ； 烏石鼻海岸自然保留區

並列摘要

This study investigated the vegetation of Wushihbi Coastal Nature Reserve, and mapped the current vegetation. 71 vegetation sampling plots were set out and examined, using countplot method(300 m^2) for every sampling plot we recorded the altitude, slope, aspect, topographic position, whole light sky space (WLS), direct light sky space (DLS), stonness and rock content ratio of the soil, and the canopy cover percentage. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) were used for vegetation analysis. The scale of the existing vegetation map is 1: 10,000 and the minimum mapping area is 0.1 ha. Alliance is the basic mapping unit of floristic vegetation map in this study. We recorded flora from 110 families, 276 genera and 389 species in this study. Results of the DCA indicated that the significant environmental characters were topography, slope, elevation, rock content ratio and the canopy cover percentage. In addition, nine vegetation types including seven subtypes were categorized by the TWINSPAN analysis: 1. Helicia formosana-Machilus thunbergii type, with Castanopsis cuspidate var. carlesii-Machilus thunbergii subtype, Ilex goshiensis-Machilus thunbergii subtype and Arundinaria usawai-Machilus thunbergii subtype; 2. Cryptocarya concinna-Machilus japonica var. kusanoi type, with Cyclobalanopsis glauca-Machilus japonica var. kusanoi subtype and Ficus microcarpa-Machilus japonica var. kusanoi subtype; 3. Gordonia axillaris-Cleyera japonica var. morii type; 4. Ficus septica type; 5. Alnus formosana type; 6. Fraxinus griffithii-Lagerstroemia subcostata type; 7. Miscanthus sinensis type; 8. Elaeagnus oldhamii-Boehmeria densiflora type; 9. Crepidiastrum lanceolatum-Miscanthus sinensis type with Eupatorium hualienense-Miscanthus sinensis subtype and Arundo formosana-Miscanthus sinensis subtype, and two types of secondary forests. Total of 261 vegetation observation points were used to map current vegetation. Cryptocarya concinna-Machilus japonica var. kusanoi type covered largest area from the valley to mountainside. Crepidiastrum lanceolatum-Miscanthus sinensis type covers second largest area in the coastal cliffs and, Acacia confusa forest covered third largest area in the prominent cape’s hillside. Compare with the other northeastern vegetation in Taiwan, Castanopsis cuspidata var. carlesii-Machilus thunbergii subtype and Arundinaria usawai-Machilus thunbergii subtype could be categorized into vegetation of notheast coastal region(NEC).

並列關鍵字

Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) ； Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) ； Vegetation classification ； Vegetation mapping ； Wushihbi Coastal Nature Reserve