台灣勞工退休金條例政策發展過程之研究－政策網絡的初步考察

A Study of the Labor Pension Act Legitimation Process in Taiwan: A Primary Investigation of the Policy Network

馬財專(Tsai-Chuan Ma) ； 孫澤弘(Tzer-Hung Sun)

《人文暨社會科學期刊》 7卷1期 (2011/06) Pp. 1-13

https://doi.org/10.7118/JHSS.201106.0001

摘要

政策合法化是各利益團體與政府相關官員們之間經過協商、議價、說服及妥協互動之立法決策過程。政策網絡理論認爲，政策網絡成員是由對某類政策有利害關係之政府機關及社會上利益團體所組成，爲達成有利的政策目標，成員間進行利益交換、互動等關係所形成的結構。因此經由政策網絡理論的分析途徑，有助於瞭解台灣國家政策過程中，政府機關與利益團體所形構之複雜關係模式。 本文試圖結合政策網絡理論與環境系絡因素之分析，描述各政策利害關係人(stakeholders)在「勞工退休金條例」發展過程中的主張及如何透過互動影響政策產出。透過經驗資料的考察顯示，從多元團體形成議題網絡凝聚經發會共識後，由行政部門主導草案研擬過程所呈現的政策社群的互動模態。在立法過程－「制度內涵」議題是由立法部門與行政部門主導所形構類近於政策社群的網絡模態，在立法院的場域資方團體並未積極動員介入，勞工團體之活動作爲則無法影響政策產出。最後在立法過程－「舊年資保留、退休準備金提撥」議題，政策結果仍由立法部門主導依法定程序完成，其政策網絡模態呈現出政府部門間所建構之政策社群模態，明顯呈現出由國家部門所主導的發展。

關鍵字

政策網絡 ； 利害關係人 ； 政策合法化 ； 勞工退休金條例

並列摘要

Policy legitimation is a process of bargaining, competition, persuasion, and compromise among interest groups and government officials. The policy network is defined as the government agencies and interest groups whose interests are directly related to the policies. The network comprises the relationships that result from interest exchanges and interactions between members pursuing beneficial policy objectives. Therefore, analysis applying policy network theory will enable us to understand the complicated relationships between government agencies and interest groups regarding national policymaking.
This research describes policy stakeholder opinions and their influence on policy outputs during the Labor Pension Act legitimation process by combining policy network theory and environmental context. The results show that the diversified groups formulated an issue network to integrate their common views with those of the economic development consultative council, and that the administrative department’s control of the draft process developed a model of community policy. The legislative department and administrative department developed a community policy regarding system issues in the legislative process. There was no interference from employer groups, however, the activities of labor groups made working on the policy output futile. Regarding firm tenure and worker pension issues in the legislative process, the policy result was completed through legal proceedings conducted using the legislative department's developed model of community policy.

並列關鍵字

policy network ； stakeholders ； policy legitimation ； a statute of labor pension

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