從控制論看國家在全球氣候變遷議題中的努力與困境

全球氣候變遷已成為當今全球重大的國際環境問題，同時也是國際政治問題。全球氣候變遷的科學研究，早在1950年代就開始了，並且逐漸影響許多國家的政府，進而受到聯合國的重視，列入議程，形成國際合作共同面對的機制。自1992年，聯合國通過《聯合國氣候變化綱要公約》，且在1994年正式生效開始，至2009年因為《京都議定書》的目標時間即將屆滿，遂於哥本哈根召開第15次公約締約方大會。國際體系中的國家在全球氣候變遷議題上的努力，可見一斑。然而，至今的努力是否達到如預期的目標或成效呢？本文將以控制論做為分析途徑，並以國內外相關文獻作為分析的資料背景。目的在於從綜觀的角度理解國家在全球氣候變遷議題上的努力以及困境，進而重新深省人類面對全球氣候等環境問題的機會與挑戰。

關鍵字

全球氣候變遷；全球暖化；控制論；國際合作；聯合國氣候變化綱要公約

並列摘要

Global climate change has become a crucial international environmental and political issue. Research on global climate change began as early as the 1950s, and gradually spread to different governments. The climate change issue attracted the attention of the United Nations, which subsequently placed it into the UN agenda and shaped an international cooperation mechanism to manage the issue. In 1992, the United Nations adopted the ”United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,” which became effective in 1994. The 15th International Conference on Climate Change was convened in Copenhagen in 2009 because of the impending expiration of the Kyoto Protocol. International efforts concerning global climate change are apparent; however, this study investigated whether recent efforts have achieved the expected goals or effects. The study used the control theory to conduct analysis and use related Chinese and English literature as the content for analysis, attempting to understand state efforts concerning global climate change and dilemmas from a wide perspective. Researchers considered the opportunities and challenges that humans face in regard to environmental problems, such as global climate change.

並列關鍵字

cybernetics (control theory) ； global climate change ； global warming ； international cooperation ； United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change