Ganoderma multipileum, the Correct Name for 'G. lucidum' in Tropical Asia

Ganoderma lucidum（靈芝屬之模式種）最早描述自英國，目前世界各地均有報導分布。兩千多年來在東方被稱為「靈芝」或「赤芝」的重要經濟真菌也被鑑定為G. lucidum。然而，近年來這個東方赤芝真菌的種類鑑定受到質疑。早些年的分子研究可看出狹義G. lucidum可能僅局限於歐洲，而亞洲的”G. lucidum”至少包括兩個種：中國大陸種和熱帶亞洲種，均非G. lucidum。本文旨在澄清熱帶亞洲赤芝的種類鑑別，且特別納入台灣的野生標本進行研究。定序相關種類和菌株的核核糖體內轉錄間隔區(ITS region)，運行系統發育分析。結果證實G. lucidum乃為東方赤芝真菌的錯誤命名。本研究並發現半世紀前發表於台灣而被遺忘的「重傘靈芝」(G. multipileum)，是熱帶亞洲地區赤芝所最早提出的有效名稱。

關鍵字

被遺忘之名稱；靈芝科；分子系統學；分類學

並列摘要

Ganoderma lucidum (generic type), originally described from England, has been reported worldwide. In the Orient, an economically important fungus commonly known as 'ling-zhi' or 'chi-zhi' for more than 2000 years, has also been named G. lucidum. However, the identity of the Oriental fungus has been questioned in recent years. Earlier molecular studies suggested that G. lucidum sensu stricto may be restricted to Europe and that 'G. lucidum' in Asia consists of at least two distinct species, one represented by material from mainland China and one by tropical Asian collections. This study attempts to clarify the identity of 'G. lucidum' in tropical Asia, with special emphasis on wild collections from Taiwan. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) of related species and strains were sequenced, and phylogenetic analyses were conducted. The results confirmed that G. lucidum is a name mistakenly applied to Oriental collections. The forgotten name Ganoderma multipileum, presented over half a century ago from Taiwan, was found in this study as the earliest valid name for 'G. lucidum' known from tropical Asia.

並列關鍵字

Forgotten name ； Ganodermataceae ； Molecular phylogeny ； Taxonomy

國際替代計量

Ganoderma multipileum, the Correct Name for 'G. lucidum' in Tropical Asia

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