The Effects of Inflorescence Size and Flower Position on Female Reproductive Success in Three Deceptive Orchids

花序大小及花之位置對三種隱瞞性蘭花雌性生殖器官成功之影響

Giuseppe Pellegrino ； Francesca Bellusci ； Aldo Musacchio

《Botanical Studies》 51卷3期 (2010/07) Pp. 351-356

摘要

大部分的地中海蘭花吸引授粉昆蟲，但它們無得到報酬。這些蘭花，它們的大小和在花序上的位置可能與時間和授粉昆蟲被吸引的數目有聯結，這可能影響生殖的成功。在這方面，經研究了三種deceptive 蘭花的授粉生物和生殖系統。這三種蘭花是：Orchis italica, O. anthropophora和Anacamptis papilionacea。這些蘭花是自身相容的，雖然被保護的花序勿讓授粉昆蟲傳花粉，但這些花也沒有結果實。在人工授粉下得到了76%到79%的誘導自花授粉結果實，從70%到76%是同株授粉結果實，從79%到87%是異花授粉結果實。在自然環境裡，結果實百分之幾的變化是由14%到16%。結果實與蘭花的大小、數目或在花序上的位置無關，花的特點（大小，形狀）變化不影響授粉昆蟲被吸引，所以也不影響生殖的成功。

關鍵字

Anacamptis ； 生殖系統 ； 隱瞞性蘭花 ； 人工授粉 ； Orchis ； 生殖成功

並列摘要

Most Mediterranean orchids are deceptive, offering no reward to insect pollinators. In the absence of a reward, inflorescence size and flower position within inflorescence may be associated with the timing and the numbers of pollinators attracted, thus influencing the final reproductive success. Pollination biology and breeding system were investigated in three deceptive orchids, Orchis italica, O. anthropophora, and Anacamptis papilionacea. Although all examined orchids were self-compatible, bagged inflorescences produced no fruits. Artificial pollination resulted in a 76-79% fruit set by induced autogamy, a 70-76% one by geitonogamous pollination, and a 79-87% one by allogamous pollination. The natural fruit set in the openpollinated control was 14-16%. Fruit production was neither related to the inflorescence size, nor to the number and position of flowers within the flowering spike, suggesting that variation in these floral traits does not influence pollinator attraction or female reproductive success.

並列關鍵字

Anacamptis ； Breeding system ； Deceptive orchid ； Hand-pollination ； Orchis ； Reproductive success