Pouzolzia taiwaniana (Urticaceae), a New Species from Taiwan

本文發表臺灣南部發現的蕁麻科新種植物：台灣霧水葛（Pouzolzia taiwaniana），並報導其染色體數目（2n＝28）。此新種之形態略似印度產的塊莖霧水葛（P. tuberosa），二者雖都具塊莖，但新種的植株甚小，匍匐而多分支，莖長可達30cm，葉長1-2cm，葉基心型或闊卵形，葉基側脈向上及於葉緣中部；塊莖霧水葛植株長可達30-180cm，葉長2.5-7.5cm，葉橢圓至披針形，葉基側脈向上延伸至葉尖，明顯可以區別。本文除提供台灣霧水葛之線繪圖、彩色圖版以及分布圖檢索表，並製作臺灣產本屬三種植物的檢索表以利辨識。台灣霧水葛族群數量極為稀少，且其生育地為甚不穩定的惡地石礫陡坡，容易受害，根據國際自然保育聯盟（IUCN）的評估準則，本種應列為嚴重瀕臨絕滅等級。

關鍵字

染色體數目；新種；台灣霧水葛；塊莖霧水葛；稀有植物；臺灣；分類學；蕁麻科

並列摘要

Pouzolzia taiwaniana, a new species from southern Taiwan, is described and illustrated. Somatic chromosome number (2n=28) is here reported. Pouzolzia taiwaniana resembles P. tuberosa Wight in having tuberous roots, but differing in being a much smaller plant, usually less than 30 cm (vs. 30-180cm) long, leaves 1-2 cm (vs. 2.5-7.5cm) long, cordate or broadly ovate (vs. elliptic-lanceolate), basal lateral veins reaching the middle part of leaf margin (vs. reaching leaf apex). Pouzolzia taiwaniana was first discovered in a forested watershed area in 1990. It then comprised only a handful of individuals on a moist shady rocky slope. Unfortunately, the habitat was subsequently destroyed by landslides accompanying typhoons that hit Taiwan. In 2011 it was rediscovered in a landscape reserve 30 km south of where it was first collected. Pouzolzia taiwaniana is endemic to Taiwan. The only known extant population is on a mudstone slope that is prone to erosion and landslides. The area of distribution is approximately 50×10 m^2 and contains less than 100 plants. According to IUCN Red List criteria, P. taiwaniana is considered to be Critically Endangered.

並列關鍵字

Chromosome number ； New species ； Pouzolzia taiwaniana ； Pouzolzia tuberosa ； Rare species ； Taiwan ； Taxonomy ； Urticaceae

國際替代計量

Pouzolzia taiwaniana (Urticaceae), a New Species from Taiwan

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