音樂教師範唱歌聲對國小一年級兒童聽唱音準之影響

Effects of Music Teachers' Singing Modelings on Echoing Pitch-Matching Accuracy of First Grade Children

荘敏仁(Ming-Jen Chuang) ； 黃玉瑋(Yu-Wei Huang)

《臺中教育大學學報：人文藝術類》 24卷1期 (2010/06) Pp. 49-67

https://doi.org/10.7037/JNTUHA.201006.0049

摘要

本研究旨在檢測音樂教師三種不同範唱歌聲對國小一年級學生聽唱音準之影響情形，並探究不同範唱歌聲影響聽唱音準之相關性。研究樣本為228名國小一年級學生，以研究者自編之「標準施測曲」、「男、女教師範唱CD」及「聽唱音準評定量表」為研究工具，以個別錄音方式施測。三位兒童歌唱專家接受評審訓練，評審間一致性係數為.865。
研究發現：
（一）三種不同範唱歌聲對國小一年級學生聽唱音準之影響，具有顯著差異(F=144.44, p=.00)。
（二）研究樣本兒童的聽唱音準表現，在「女性教師範唱」時，音準得分平均數為7.32；在「男性教師假聲範唱」時，音準得分平均數為7.35；在「男性教師真聲範唱」時，音準得分平均數為4.22。
（三）研究樣本兒童聽唱音準正確性，在「男性教師真聲範唱」和「女性教師範唱」之間，具有顯著差異，呈現低度負相關(r=-.089)；在「男性教師真聲範唱」和「男性教師假聲範唱」之間，亦具有顯著差異，但呈現低度正相關(r=.174)；在「女性教師範唱」和「男性教師假聲範唱」之間，則未達顯著差異，呈現低度正相關(r=.329)。
本研究建議：
（一）音樂教師歌曲範唱時，必須考量適切的範唱歌聲類型、音色與音準。
（二）男性教師須瞭解真聲與假聲之使用方法及其適當範唱的時機；亦可使用兒童範唱，幫助兒童聽唱音準。

關鍵字

教師範唱 ； 國小音樂教學 ； 演唱教學 ； 聽唱音準

並列摘要

This study was to investigate the effects of three different types of male and female music teachers' singing modeling on the first graders' echoing pitch-matching accuracy and to examine the correlations among the three types of singing modeling and the echoing pitch-matching accuracy of the participants. A Criterion Song, Male and Female Teachers Modeling Singing CD, and Echoing Pitching-Matching Accuracy Assessment developed by the researchers were the instruments in this study. All participants (n=288) were tested individually. Three judges who are children singing experts received judge training and the inter-rater reliability was. 865.
The findings are as follows: (1) There was a significant difference (F=144.44, p=.00) among the three types of male and female teachers' singing modeling and the echoing pitch-matching accuracy of the participants. (2) The means of participants' echoing pitch-matching accuracy were different by the three different types of singing modeling: female singing modeling (m=7.32), male falsetto singing modeling (m=7.32), and male nature voice singing modeling (m=4.22). (3) There were significant differences between male nature voice singing modeling and female singing modeling (r=-.089), male nature voice singing modeling and male falsetto singing modeling (r=.174) as well; however, there was no significant difference between female singing modeling and male falsetto singing modeling (r=.329).
It can be recommended: (1) as singing modeling, teachers should consider the appropriateness of vocal modeling types, timbre and pitch accuracy. (2) Male teachers should properly use their natural voices and falsetto voices as singing modeling for children. In addition, using a child voice as modeling for other children can be an alternative and appropriate way to help children's pitch-matching accuracy in singing.

並列關鍵字

Teacher Singing Modeling ； Elementary General Music ； Singing Instruction ； Echoing Pitch-Matching Accuracy